State insurer-of-last-resort programs — FAIR Plan / Citizens eligibility and coverage limits
When private insurers won't write a property in a wildfire or hurricane state, the state's residual-market insurer (a FAIR Plan or a corporation like Florida's Citizens) is the fallback — but the dollar limits and the rule that determines who is even eligible differ by state and are stated only in that state's own statute or program announcement. Each record is one state's program, carrying its coverage-category limit and, where the source states one, the rule that makes a property ineligible. Answers 'what's the maximum FAIR Plan payout in California', 'why would Florida Citizens turn down my house', 'which states cap eligibility by a dollar replacement-cost figure vs. a pricing-comparison rule'.
Records32
Sources5
Verified
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LicenceUS state statute and state-agency announcements — facts not copyrightable (Feist, 1991); statute and release text quoted, not reproduced in full
2 records where two or more sources state different values. Both sides are reproduced on the record page, each with its own source and quote.
The data
| State | Program name | Citation / source | Coverage category | Coverage limit | Eligibility / ineligibility rule | Effective / announcement date |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Florida | Citizens Property Insurance Corporation | Fla. Stat. § 627.351(6)(a)3.b. | a personal lines residential structure | a dwelling replacement cost of less than $1 million | The requirements of sub-subparagraph a. do not apply in counties where the office determines there is not a reasonable degree of competition. In such counties a personal lines residential structure that has a dwelling replacement cost of less than $1 million, or a single condominium unit that has a combined dwelling and contents replacement cost of less than $1 million, is eligible for coverage by the corporation. | |
| Florida | Citizens Property Insurance Corporation | Fla. Stat. § 627.351(6)(a)5.a. | a personal lines residential structure that is located in the “wind-borne debris region,” | an insured value on the structure of $750,000 or more | a personal lines residential structure that is located in the “wind-borne debris region,” as defined in s. 1609.2, International Building Code (2006), and that has an insured value on the structure of $750,000 or more is not eligible for coverage by the corporation unless the structure has opening protections as required under the Florida Building Code for a newly constructed residential structure in that area | Effective January 1, 2009 |
| Florida | Citizens Property Insurance Corporation | Fla. Stat. § 627.351(6)(c) | a policy for mobile homes or manufactured homes | a minimum insured value of at least $3,000 | ||
| Florida | Citizens Property Insurance Corporation | Fla. Stat. § 627.351(6)(aa)1.d. | all other personal lines residential property insured by the corporation | all personal lines residential policyholders must have flood coverage in place for policies effective on or after: a. January 1, 2024, for a structure that has a dwelling replacement cost of $600,000 or more. b. January 1, 2025, for a structure that has a dwelling replacement cost of $500,000 or more. c. January 1, 2026, for a structure that has a dwelling replacement cost of $400,000 or more. d. January 1, 2027, for all other personal lines residential property insured by the corporation. | January 1, 2027 | |
| Floridasources differ | Citizens Property Insurance Corporation | Fla. Stat. § 627.351(6)(aa)1.a. | all personal lines residential policyholders | a dwelling replacement cost of $600,000 or more | all personal lines residential policyholders must have flood coverage in place for policies effective on or after: a. January 1, 2024, for a structure that has a dwelling replacement cost of $600,000 or more. | January 1, 2024 |
| Florida | Citizens Property Insurance Corporation | Fla. Stat. § 627.351(6)(a)5.b. | Any major structure | that is newly constructed, or rebuilt, repaired, restored, or remodeled to increase the total square footage of finished area by more than 25 percent, pursuant to a permit applied for after July 1, 2015, is not eligible for coverage by the corporation if the structure is seaward of the coastal construction control line | July 1, 2015 | |
| California | California FAIR Plan Association | California FAIR Plan Association, “About” page | basic property insurance | established by statute to provide basic property insurance to Californians statewide when no other option is reasonably available | ||
| California | California FAIR Plan Association | California Department of Insurance news release, Wednesday, March 29, 2023 — “Commissioner Lara and FAIR Plan reach agreement to increase commercial coverage limit to $20 million” | commercial coverage limits | more than double its existing commercial coverage limits to $20 million | for businesses unable to find coverage in the normal insurance marketplace | |
| Floridasources differ | Citizens Property Insurance Corporation | Fla. Stat. § 627.351(6)(c)5.c. | commercial lines residential risks | the risk is not eligible for a policy issued by the corporation unless the premium for coverage from the authorized insurer is more than 20 percent greater than the premium for comparable coverage from the corporation | ||
| California | California FAIR Plan Association | California Department of Insurance, “California FAIR Plan” consumer information page, “What do changes to the FAIR Plan mean for policyholders?” | commercial policies per location | $20 million | ||
| California | California FAIR Plan | California FAIR Plan Association — “Dwelling” program page, cfpnet.com/policies/dwelling/ | Condominium Unit Owners | Personal property and improvements coverage for a condominium unit owner. | ||
| Florida | Citizens Property Insurance Corporation | Fla. Stat. § 627.351(6)(a)3.a. | coverage for personal lines residential structures | a dwelling replacement cost of $700,000 or more | a structure that has a dwelling replacement cost of $700,000 or more, or a single condominium unit that has a combined dwelling and contents replacement cost of $700,000 or more, is not eligible for coverage by the corporation | Effective January 1, 2017 |
| California | California FAIR Plan Association | California Department of Insurance news release, Wednesday, March 29, 2023 — “Commissioner Lara and FAIR Plan reach agreement to increase commercial coverage limit to $20 million” | Division I Commercial Property Program | from $8.4 million to $20 million per location | Today’s agreement signed by Commissioner Lara and FAIR Plan President Victoria Roach | |
| California | California FAIR Plan Association | California Department of Insurance news release, Wednesday, March 29, 2023 — “Commissioner Lara and FAIR Plan reach agreement to increase commercial coverage limit to $20 million” | Division II Businessowners Program | from $7.2 million to $20 million per location | Today’s agreement signed by Commissioner Lara and FAIR Plan President Victoria Roach | |
| California | California FAIR Plan | California FAIR Plan Association — “Dwelling” program page, cfpnet.com/policies/dwelling/ | Dwelling policies | The California FAIR Plan offers Dwelling policies for customers that are unable to purchase coverage with a traditional insurance company. | ||
| California | California FAIR Plan Association | California FAIR Plan Association — “About the California FAIR Plan”; establishing statute cited on the page as California Insurance Code sections 10090 et seq. | fire coverage | providing access to fire coverage for California homeowners unable to obtain it from a traditional insurance carrier | 1968 | |
| Florida | Medical malpractice risk apportionment joint underwriting plan, Fla. Stat. § 627.351(4) | Fla. Stat. § 627.351(4)(d)4. | health care providers other than hospitals | an amount not to exceed $250,000 per claim, $750,000 annual aggregate | ||
| Florida | Medical malpractice risk apportionment joint underwriting plan, Fla. Stat. § 627.351(4) | Fla. Stat. § 627.351(4)(d)4. | hospitals | an amount not to exceed $1.5 million per claim, $5 million annual aggregate for hospitals | ||
| California | California FAIR Plan Association | California Department of Insurance news release, Wednesday, March 29, 2023 — “Commissioner Lara and FAIR Plan reach agreement to increase commercial coverage limit to $20 million” | liability protection | up to $3 million | ||
| Florida | Windstorm insurance risk apportionment plan — the association formed under Fla. Stat. § 627.351(2) | Fla. Stat. § 627.351(2)(b)3. — limited apportionment company | limited apportionment company | which exceeds $50 million after payment of available plan funds in any calendar year | any member with a surplus as to policyholders of $25 million or less writing 25 percent or more of its total countrywide property insurance premiums in this state may petition the department, within the first 90 days of each calendar year, to qualify as a limited apportionment company | |
| California | California FAIR Plan | California FAIR Plan Association — “Dwelling” program page, cfpnet.com/policies/dwelling/ | Owner-Occupied | 1-4 unit dwellings in which the owner lives in one or more unit. | ||
| California | California FAIR Plan Association | California Department of Insurance news release, March 29, 2023 — “Commissioner Lara and FAIR Plan reach agreement to increase commercial coverage limit to $20 million” | personal dwelling coverage limit | $3 million | November 2019 | |
| Florida | Windstorm insurance risk apportionment plan — the association formed under Fla. Stat. § 627.351(2) | Fla. Stat. § 627.351(2)(c)... windstorm apportionment plan | personal lines residential risks | up to $1 million for personal lines residential risks | The association must accept a commercial lines residential risk with limits above $10 million or a personal lines residential risk with limits above $1 million if coverage is not available in the authorized market. | |
| Florida | Citizens Property Insurance Corporation | Fla. Stat. § 627.351(6)(c)5.b. | personal lines residential risks that are not primary residences | the risk is not eligible for any policy issued by the corporation unless the premium for coverage from the authorized insurer or approved surplus lines insurer is more than 20 percent greater than the premium for comparable coverage from the corporation | July 1, 2024 | |
| Florida | Citizens Property Insurance Corporation | Fla. Stat. § 627.351(6)(c)5.a. | personal lines residential risks that are primary residences | the risk is not eligible for any policy issued by the corporation unless the premium for coverage from the authorized insurer is more than 20 percent greater than the premium for comparable coverage from the corporation | April 1, 2023 | |
| California | California FAIR Plan | California FAIR Plan Association — “Dwelling” program page, cfpnet.com/policies/dwelling/ | Rentals | 1-4 unit dwellings that are rented to a tenant for at least one year. | ||
| California | California FAIR Plan | California FAIR Plan Association — “Dwelling” program page, cfpnet.com/policies/dwelling/ | Renters | Personal property coverage for the tenant of an apartment or single/multi- unit dwelling. | ||
| California | California FAIR Plan Association | California Department of Insurance, “California FAIR Plan” consumer information page, “What do changes to the FAIR Plan mean for policyholders?” | residential policyholders | $3 million | ||
| California | California FAIR Plan | California FAIR Plan Association — “Dwelling” program page, cfpnet.com/policies/dwelling/ | Seasonal Rental | Dwellings that are rented (in whole or part) for less than one year. | ||
| Florida | Citizens Property Insurance Corporation | Fla. Stat. § 627.351(6)(c)12. — policyholder acknowledgment form | SURCHARGES AND ASSESSMENTS | THE SURCHARGES AND ASSESSMENTS COULD BE AS HIGH AS 25 PERCENT OF MY PREMIUM | ||
| Florida | Citizens Property Insurance Corporation | Fla. Stat. § 627.351(6)(c)12. — policyholder acknowledgment form | THE CITIZENS POLICYHOLDER SURCHARGE | COULD BE AS HIGH AS 15 PERCENT OF MY PREMIUM | TO BE ELIGIBLE FOR COVERAGE BY CITIZENS, I MUST FIRST TRY TO OBTAIN PRIVATE MARKET COVERAGE BEFORE APPLYING FOR OR RENEWING COVERAGE WITH CITIZENS | |
| Florida | Citizens Property Insurance Corporation | Fla. Stat. § 627.351(6)(a)6. | wind-only coverage for commercial lines residential condominiums | a condominium shall be deemed ineligible for coverage if 50 percent or more of the units are rented more than eight times in a calendar year for a rental agreement period of less than 30 days | effective July 1, 2014 |
Where this came from
Every record above links the page it was taken from and quotes the sentence that states it. These are the 5 sources this dataset was assembled from.
- flsenate.govhttps://www.flsenate.gov/Laws/Statutes/2025/627.351
- cfpnet.comhttps://www.cfpnet.com/about-fair-plan/
- cfpnet.comhttps://www.cfpnet.com/about-fair-plan/commissioner-lara-and-fair-plan-reach-agreement-to-increase-commercial-coverage-limit-to-20-million/
- insurance.ca.govhttps://www.insurance.ca.gov/01-consumers/200-wrr/California-FAIR-Plan.cfm
- cfpnet.comhttps://www.cfpnet.com/policies/dwelling/
Machine-readable
- data.jsonThe whole dataset — every record with its source URL and source quote.
- Open Knowledge Format bundleOne JSON object per line — every record's frontmatter and quoted span exactly as it is held here, in one fetch.
- How this is made and checkedWhat "verified against source" does and does not mean.