State Right-to-Repair Laws: Coverage, Requirements, and Effective Dates
Which US states have enacted right-to-repair laws, what products each law covers (electronics, agricultural equipment, powered wheelchairs, automobiles), the price threshold above which parts and documentation must be provided, whether parts-pairing is prohibited, the enforcement mechanism (state AG only vs. private right of action), penalty amounts, and the effective date. As of August 2026, at least 8 states have enacted laws and 28+ have pending legislation.
The data
| state | law citation | effective date | covered products | price threshold | parts pairing prohibited | excluded products | enforcement | max penalty |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| California | Right to Repair Act | July 1, 2024 | electronics and appliance | $50 or more; over $100 for up to seven years, $50 to $99.99 for up to three years | not addressed | alarm systems (such as fire protection systems); video game consoles; products posing safety or security risks if repaired improperly; products no longer provided by manufacturer to authorized resellers | no private cause of action; state actors may bring a civil action in Superior Court | $1,000 per day for the first violation, $2,000 per day for the second violation, and $5,000 per day for the third and subsequent violations |
| Colorado | Right to Repair law | 2024 | digital electronic equipment, agricultural equipment, and powered wheelchairs | not specified | true, for digital equipment manufactured or used in the state after January 1, 2026 | Marine vessels, aviation and motor vehicles; Medical devices other than powered wheelchairs; Video game consoles; Certain construction-related equipment | deceptive trade practice; may be privately enforced | up to $20,000 per violation |
| Massachusetts | An Act Relative to Automotive Repair | 2013 | automobiles | not specified | not addressed | non-automotive products (law centers on automobiles) | unfair method of competition and an unfair or deceptive act; private cause of action available under Section 6(c) after written notice through NASTF process | civil penalties are available up to $10,000 for each violation |
| Minnesota | Digital Fair Repair Act | July 1, 2024 | digital electronic equipment | not specified | not addressed | Farm machinery; Portable generators; Motor vehicles; Cybersecurity products; Medical Equipment and devices; Video game consoles | deceptive trade practice; private cause of action under Deceptive Trade Practices Act; attorney general civil penalties up to $25,000 | civil penalties up to $25,000 |
| New York | Digital Fair Repair Act | July 1, 2023 | digital electronic equipment | not specified | not addressed | Refrigerators, ovens, microwaves; Air conditioning/heating units; Security or alarm systems; Gaming or entertainment consoles | Office of the Attorney General enforcement; no private cause of action | civil penalties up to $500 per violation |
| Oregon | SB 1596 | January 1, 2025 | consumer electronic equipment | not specified | true, for consumer electronic equipment manufactured for the first time and first sold or used in Oregon after January 1, 2025 | motor vehicles, medical devices, HVAC equipment, solar energy systems, electrical energy storage systems, video game consoles, off-road equipment including farm and utility tractors, marine vessels, electric toothbrushes | attorney general may bring civil actions in response to consumer complaints | up to $1,000 for each day the violation continues |
Where this came from
Every record above links the page it was taken from and quotes the sentence that states it. These are the 1 source this dataset was assembled from.
- crowell.comhttps://www.crowell.com/en/insights/client-alerts/right-to-repair-a-growing-trend-for-states-creating-compliance-challenges-for-manufacturers
Machine-readable
- data.jsonThe whole dataset — every record with its source URL and source quote.
- Open Knowledge Format bundleOne JSON object per line — every record's frontmatter and quoted span exactly as it is held here, in one fetch.
- data.csvThe same records as one flat table, for a spreadsheet or a dataframe. The last four columns are the source URL, the quoted sentence it was read from, the date we last checked it, and which columns are our reading rather than the page's words.
- How this is made and checkedWhat "verified against source" does and does not mean.
From your own code
Same records, same quotes, without scraping the page: refsource is on PyPI and npm. Each value comes back carrying the URL it was read from and the sentence on that page that states it — .source and .quote sit on the value itself rather than in a side channel, so the checking step is available instead of skipped.
pip install refsource
refsource lookup state-right-to-repair-laws state=California
npx -y refsource lookup state-right-to-repair-laws state=CaliforniaSet your AI assistant up to use this
Two files and no account. Put this in .mcp.json at the root of your project — Claude Code, Cursor, Windsurf, VS Code and Codex all read that file — and your assistant can look this dataset up instead of recalling it. The server is remote, keyless and read-only.
{
"mcpServers": {
"referencesource": {
"type": "http",
"url": "https://referencesource.org/mcp"
}
}
}Add to Cursor · or, on the command line: claude mcp add --transport http referencesource https://referencesource.org/mcp --scope project
Then one line in the project's CLAUDE.md or AGENTS.md, so the assistant knows when to reach for it:
When a question needs "State Right-to-Repair Laws: Coverage, Requirements, and Effective Dates", call the referencesource MCP server at https://referencesource.org/mcp (tool `search_records`, dataset_slug `state-right-to-repair-laws`) instead of answering from memory — every record it returns carries its source URL and a verbatim quote from that page.What each tool does, and the servers built over single registers: Connect your AI assistant.