State Right-to-Repair Laws: Coverage, Requirements, and Effective Dates
Which US states have enacted right-to-repair laws, what products each law covers (electronics, agricultural equipment, powered wheelchairs, automobiles), the price threshold above which parts and documentation must be provided, whether parts-pairing is prohibited, the enforcement mechanism (state AG only vs. private right of action), penalty amounts, and the effective date. As of August 2026, at least 8 states have enacted laws and 28+ have pending legislation.
Records6
Sources4
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The data
| state | law citation | effective date | covered products | price threshold | parts pairing prohibited | excluded products | enforcement | max penalty |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| California | SB 244 (Right to Repair Act) | July 1, 2024 | electronic or appliance products | $50 for 3-year parts/documentation availability; $100 for 7-year availability | not addressed | alarm systems (including fire protection systems), video game consoles, products no longer provided by manufacturer to authorized repair providers | city, county, or state may bring civil action in superior court; no private cause of action | $1,000/day for first violation, $2,000/day for second violation, $5,000/day for third and subsequent violations |
| Colorado | HB24-1121 (Consumer Right to Repair Digital Electronic Equipment) | January 1, 2026 | digital electronic equipment, agricultural equipment, powered wheelchairs | not specified | true, for digital electronic equipment manufactured and sold or used in Colorado after January 1, 2026 | marine vessels, aviation and motor vehicles, medical devices other than powered wheelchairs, certain safety and security equipment, certain construction- and energy-related equipment, video game consoles | deceptive trade practice; private cause of action available | $20,000 per violation (as deceptive trade practice) |
| Massachusetts | An Act Relative to Automotive Repair (Ch. 93K) | 2013 | automobiles | not specified | not addressed | non-automotive products (law is specific to automobiles) | unfair method of competition and unfair or deceptive act; private cause of action available (after written notice to manufacturer through NASTF process) | $10,000 for each violation |
| Minnesota | Digital Fair Repair Act (Minn. Stat. § 325E.72) | July 1, 2024 | digital electronic equipment | not specified | not addressed | farm machinery, portable generators, motor vehicles, cybersecurity products, medical equipment and devices, video game consoles | deceptive trade practice; private cause of action under Deceptive Trade Practices Act; attorney general enforcement | $25,000 (attorney general civil penalty) |
| New York | Digital Fair Repair Act (S.R. 1320) | July 1, 2023 | digital electronic equipment | not specified | not addressed | refrigerators, ovens, microwaves, air conditioning/heating units, security or alarm systems, gaming or entertainment consoles | Office of the Attorney General enforcement; no private cause of action | $500 per violation |
| Oregon | SB 1596 (consumer electronic equipment right to repair) | January 1, 2025 | consumer electronic equipment | not specified | true, for consumer electronic equipment manufactured for the first time, and first sold or used in Oregon, after January 1, 2025 | motor vehicles, medical devices, HVAC equipment, solar energy systems, electrical energy storage systems, video game consoles, off-road equipment including farm and utility tractors, marine vessels, electric toothbrushes | attorney general may bring civil action in response to consumer complaint | $1,000 for each day in which the violation continues |
Where this came from
Every record above links the page it was taken from and quotes the sentence that states it. These are the 4 sources this dataset was assembled from.
- leginfo.legislature.ca.govhttps://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB244
- leg.colorado.govhttps://leg.colorado.gov/bills/hb24-1121
- crowell.comhttps://www.crowell.com/en/insights/client-alerts/right-to-repair-a-growing-trend-for-states-creating-compliance-challenges-for-manufacturers
- olis.oregonlegislature.govhttps://olis.oregonlegislature.gov/liz/2024R1/Downloads/MeasureDocument/SB1596/Enrolled
Machine-readable
- data.jsonThe whole dataset — every record with its source URL and source quote.
- Open Knowledge Format bundleOne JSON object per line — every record's frontmatter and quoted span exactly as it is held here, in one fetch.
- How this is made and checkedWhat "verified against source" does and does not mean.