203 records
How many flight hours does a pilot licence need in each country?
203 records, one fact each. Every value is transcribed from the source that states it and carries the sentence it was taken from: 6 sources across 4 sites, last checked 2026-08-07, due for re-check by 2027-08-07. Every record is listed below, each linking the page its value came from.
Records203
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LicenceFacts extracted from freely published primary law: US federal regulations via Cornell LII, EU regulations via EUR-Lex, UK retained EU law via legislation.gov.uk, and Canadian Aviation Regulations standards via Transport Canada. All four are public legal texts, published free and without login, and legal text is not privately owned. ICAO Annex 1 is deliberately not used: it is a paid ICAO document and its product is the compilation.
1 record where two or more sources state different values. Both sides are reproduced on the record page, each with its own source and quote.
About this data
The minimum flight hours, minimum age, solo and cross-country requirements and prerequisite licences for each pilot licence and rating, compared across the FAA (United States), EASA (European Union), the UK CAA (retained Part-FCL) and Transport Canada. One record is one stated requirement for one licence under one authority, with the provision citation. Answers 'how many hours do I need for a private pilot licence UK vs US', 'FAA PPL minimum flight hours 61.109', 'EASA PPL 45 hours', 'minimum age for a commercial pilot licence Canada', 'can simulator time count towards a PPL', and 'how many hours to convert an FAA PPL to a UK licence'. The UK kept the EU article numbering after Brexit and then changed the number inside it: FCL.210.A(a) reads 45 hours in EU law and 40 hours in UK retained law, amended with effect from 1 October 2025 by S.I. 2025/878. Same provision identifier, two different values, one of them recent.
The data
| Authority | Provision | Requirement | Value | Condition | Amendment |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.34(4)(c) | cross-country flight training | 100 additional hours cross-country flight time as pilot-in-command or 200 hours as co-pilot | or any combination thereof | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.34(4)(d) | instrument training | 75 hours instrument flight time | of which a maximum of 25 hours may have been acquired in approved instrument ground trainers and a maximum of 35 hours may have been acquired in helicopters | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.34(2) | medical certificate class | a Category 1 Medical Certificate valid for an Airline Transport Pilot Licence - Aeroplane | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.34(1) | minimum age | a minimum of twenty-one years of age | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.34(4)(b) | night flight training | 100 hours night flight time as pilot-in-command or as co-pilot | of which a minimum of 30 hours shall have been acquired in aeroplanes | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.34(4) | prerequisite licence | met the training requirements for the issue of a Commercial Pilot Licence - Aeroplane that is not restricted to daylight flying | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.34(4) | total flight time | a minimum of 1500 hours total flight time | of which a minimum of 900 hours shall have been completed in aeroplanes | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.35(4)(c) | cross-country flight training | 200 hours cross-country flight time in helicopters | of which a minimum of 100 hours shall be as pilot-in-command or as pilot-in-command under supervision | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.35(4)(d) | instrument training | 30 hours instrument time | of which a maximum of 10 hours may be instrument ground time and a maximum of 15 hours may have been acquired in aeroplanes | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.35(2) | medical certificate class | a Category 1 Medical Certificate valid for an Airline Transport Pilot Licence - Helicopter | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.35(1) | minimum age | a minimum of twenty-one years of age | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.35(4)(b) | night flight training | 50 hours night flight time as pilot-in-command or as co-pilot | of which a minimum of 15 hours shall have been acquired in helicopters | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.35(4) | prerequisite licence | met the training requirements for the issue of a Commercial Pilot Licence - Helicopter that is not restricted to daylight flying | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.35(4) | total flight time | a minimum of 1000 hours total flight time | of which a minimum of 600 hours shall have been completed in helicopters | |
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.500 | minimum age | at least 21 years of age | ||
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.510.A(b)(3) | cross-country flight training | 200 hours of cross-country flight time | of which at least 100 hours shall be as PIC or as PIC under supervision | |
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.510.A(b)(4) | instrument training | 75 hours of instrument time | of which not more than 30 hours may be instrument ground time | |
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.510.A(b)(5) | night flight training | 100 hours of night flight as PIC or co-pilot | ||
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.510.A(a)(2) | prerequisite licence | a CPL(A) and a multi-engine IR for aeroplanes | In this case, the applicant shall also have received instruction in MCC | |
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.510.A(b) | simulator credit | up to 100 hours of flight time may have been completed in an FFS and FNPT | Of these 100 hours, only a maximum of 25 hours may be completed in an FNPT | |
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.510.A(b) | total flight time | a minimum of 1 500 hours of flight time in aeroplanes | ||
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.510.H(b)(3) | cross-country flight training | 200 hours of cross-country flight time | of which at least 100 hours shall be as PIC or as PIC under supervision | |
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.510.H(b)(4) | instrument training | 30 hours of instrument time | of which not more than 10 hours may be instrument ground time | |
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.510.H(b)(5) | night flight training | 100 hours of night flight as PIC or as co-pilot | ||
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.510.H(a) | prerequisite licence | hold a CPL(H) and a multi-pilot helicopter type rating and have received instruction in MCC | ||
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.510.H(b) | simulator credit | a maximum of 100 hours may have been completed in an FSTD | of which not more than 25 hours may be completed in an FNPT | |
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.510.H(b) | total flight time | a minimum of 1 000 hours of flight time | ||
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.200(b) | minimum age | at least 16 years of age | ||
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.210.B(a) | total flight time | at least 16 hours of flight instruction | on balloons in the same class and group | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.30(4)(a)(ii)(A) | dual instruction | 35 hours dual instruction flight time | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.30(4)(a)(ii)(A)(III) | instrument training | 20 hours of instrument flight time | A maximum 10 hours of the 20 hours may be conducted on an approved aeroplane simulator or synthetic flight training device | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.30(2) | medical certificate class | a Category 1 Medical Certificate valid for a Commercial Pilot Licence - Aeroplane | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.30(1) | minimum age | a minimum of eighteen years of age | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.30(4)(a)(ii)(A)(I) | night flight training | 5 hours night | including a minimum of 2 hours of cross-country flight time | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.30(4)(a)(ii)(B)(II) | night flight training | 5 hours solo flight time by night | during which a minimum of 10 takeoffs, circuits and landings were completed | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.30(4)(a)(ii)(B)(I)(a) | solo cross-country | a cross-country flight of not less than 300 nautical miles total distance | with full stop landings at 3 different aerodromes other than initial point of departure, one of which is a straight-line distance of at least 250 nautical miles from the initial point of departure | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.30(4)(a)(ii)(B) | solo flight time | 30 hours solo flight time in VFR conditions | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.30(4)(a)(i) | total flight time | a minimum of 200 hours flight time in aeroplanes | of which a minimum of 100 hours shall be pilot-in-command time including 20 hours cross-country pilot-in-command flight time | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.31(4)(b)(i) | dual instruction | 37 hours dual instruction flight time | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.31(4)(c)(i) | dual instruction | 55 hours dual instruction flight time | An applicant who does not hold a Private Pilot Licence - Helicopter | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.31(1) | minimum age | a minimum of eighteen years of age | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.31(4)(b)(i)(B) | night flight training | 5 hours night flight time | including a minimum of 2 hours cross-country flight time | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.31(4)(b)(ii) | solo flight time | 23 hours solo flight time | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.31(4)(c)(ii) | solo flight time | 35 hours solo flight time | An applicant who does not hold a Private Pilot Licence - Helicopter | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.31(4)(a) | total flight time | a minimum of 100 hours pilot flight time in helicopters | of which a minimum of 35 hours shall be pilot-in-command flight time, including 10 hours cross-country pilot-in-command flight time | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.31(4)(c) | total flight time | a minimum of 100 hours commercial pilot flight training in helicopters | An applicant who does not hold a Private Pilot Licence - Helicopter | |
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.300 | minimum age | at least 18 years of age | ||
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.100(a) | minimum age | at least 17 years of age | in the case of aeroplanes and helicopters | |
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.100(b) | minimum age | at least 16 years of age | in the case of sailplanes and balloons | |
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.110.A(a)(1) | dual instruction | 15 hours of dual flight instruction | in the class in which the skill test will be taken | |
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.110.A(a)(2) | solo cross-country | at least 3 hours of solo cross-country flight time | with at least 1 cross-country flight of at least 150 km (80 NM), during which 1 full stop landing at an aerodrome different from the aerodrome of departure shall be made | |
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.110.A(a)(2) | solo flight time | 6 hours of supervised solo flight time | ||
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.110.A(a) | total flight time | at least 30 hours of flight instruction on aeroplanes or TMGs | ||
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.110.A(b) | total flight time | at least 21 hours of flight time on TMGs | Applicants for an LAPL(A) holding an LAPL(S) with TMG extension | |
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.110.B(a)(1) | dual instruction | 12 hours of dual flight instruction | ||
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.110.B(a)(3) | solo flight time | 1 supervised solo flight with a minimum flight time of at least 30 minutes | ||
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.110.B(a) | total flight time | at least 16 hours of flight instruction | on balloons of the same class | |
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.110.H(a)(1) | dual instruction | 20 hours of dual flight instruction | ||
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.110.H(a)(2) | solo cross-country | at least 5 hours of solo cross-country flight time | with at least 1 cross-country flight of at least 150 km (80 NM), during which one full stop landing at an aerodrome different from the aerodrome of departure shall be made | |
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.110.H(a)(2) | solo flight time | 10 hours of supervised solo flight time | ||
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.110.H(a) | total flight time | 40 hours of flight instruction on helicopters | At least 35 hours of which shall be flown on the type of helicopter that is to be used for the skill test | |
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.110.S(a)(1) | dual instruction | 10 hours of dual flight instruction | ||
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.110.S(a)(4) | solo cross-country | 1 solo cross-country flight of at least 50 km (27 NM) | or 1 dual cross-country flight of at least 100 km (55 NM) | |
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.110.S(a)(2) | solo flight time | 2 hours of supervised solo flight time | ||
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.110.S(a) | total flight time | at least 15 hours of flight instruction in sailplanes, or powered sailplanes | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.25(4)(b)(i) | dual instruction | 6 dual instruction flights of a minimum of 30 minutes each | including 1 ascent to an altitude of a minimum of 5,000 feet above ground level | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.25(2) | medical certificate class | a Category 3 Medical Certificate valid for a pilot licence - balloon | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.25(1) | minimum age | a minimum of seventeen years of age | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.25(4)(b)(ii) | solo flight time | 2 flights as sole occupant of a minimum of 30 minutes each | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.25(4)(a) | total flight time | a minimum of 16 hours balloon pilot flight time | of which a minimum of 11 hours shall be untethered flight time | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.24(4)(b)(i) | dual instruction | a minimum of 1 hour dual instruction flight time | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.24(2) | medical certificate class | a Category 4 Medical Certificate valid for a pilot licence - glider | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.24(1) | minimum age | a minimum of sixteen years of age | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.24(4)(b)(ii) | solo flight time | 2 hours solo flight time | including a minimum of 20 takeoffs and 20 landings | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.24(4)(a) | total flight time | a minimum of 6 hours of glider pilot flight training | Within the 24 months preceding the date of application for the licence | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.20(4)(b)(i)(A) | dual instruction | 12 hours dual instruction flight time | including 2 hours cross-country flight time | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.20(2) | medical certificate class | a Category 3 Medical Certificate valid for a Pilot Permit - Gyroplane | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.20(1) | minimum age | a minimum of seventeen years of age | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.20(4)(b)(i)(B) | solo cross-country | 3 hours cross-country flight time | with a flight of a minimum of 60 nautical miles which shall include 2 full stop landings at points other than the point of departure | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.20(4)(b)(i)(B) | solo flight time | 12 hours solo flight time | including 3 hours cross-country flight time | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.20(4)(a) | total flight time | a minimum of 45 hours pilot flight training in gyroplanes | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.22(4)(b)(i) | dual instruction | 15 hours dual instruction flight time | including a minimum of 2 hours cross-country flight time | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.22(2) | medical certificate class | a Category 4 Medical Certificate valid for a Pilot Permit — Recreational — Aeroplane | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.22(1) | minimum age | a minimum of sixteen years of age | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.22(4)(b)(ii) | solo flight time | 5 hours solo flight time | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.22(4)(a) | total flight time | a minimum of 25 hours recreational pilot flight training | in aeroplanes operating with a Certificate of Airworthiness | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.21(4)(a) | dual instruction | a minimum of 5 hours dual instruction flight time | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.21(2) | medical certificate class | a Category 4 Medical Certificate valid for a Pilot Permit - Ultra-light Aeroplane | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.21(1) | minimum age | a minimum of sixteen years of age | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.21(4)(a) | solo flight time | 2 hours solo flight time | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.21(4) | total flight time | a minimum of 10 hours of total flight time | Within the 24 months preceding the date of application for the permit | |
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.200(a) | minimum age | at least 17 years of age | ||
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.210.A(a)(1) | dual instruction | 25 hours of dual flight instruction | ||
| UK CAA (retained Part-FCL) | FCL.210.A(a)(1) | dual instruction | dual flight instruction as required to pass the licence skill test | Words in Annex 1 point FCL.210.A(a)(1) substituted (1.10.2025) by The Aviation Safety (Amendment) (No. 2) Regulations 2025 (S.I. 2025/878), regs. 1(4), 6(4)(b)(ii) | |
| UK CAA (retained Part-FCL) | FCL.210.A(c)(2) | dual instruction | at least 15 hours of flight instruction in aeroplanes | in a training course at a DTO or at an ATO, including at least the requirements of point (a)(2) | Substituted by Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/359 of 4 March 2020 amending Regulation (EU) No 1178/2011 |
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.210.A(a) | simulator credit | 5 of which may have been completed in an FSTD | ||
| UK CAA (retained Part-FCL) | FCL.210.A(a) | simulator credit | 5 of which may have been completed in an FSTD | Substituted by Commission Regulation (EU) 2015/445 of 17 March 2015 amending Regulation (EU) No 1178/2011 as regards technical requirements and administrative procedures related to civil aviation aircrew | |
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.210.A(a)(2) | solo cross-country | at least 5 hours of solo cross-country flight time | with at least 1 cross-country flight of at least 270 km (150 NM), during which full stop landings at 2 aerodromes different from the aerodrome of departure shall be made | |
| UK CAA (retained Part-FCL) | FCL.210.A(a)(2) | solo cross-country | at least 5 hours of solo cross-country flight time | with at least 1 cross-country flight of at least 270 km (150 NM), during which full stop landings at 2 aerodromes different from the aerodrome of departure shall be made | Substituted by Commission Regulation (EU) 2015/445 of 17 March 2015 amending Regulation (EU) No 1178/2011 as regards technical requirements and administrative procedures related to civil aviation aircrew |
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.210.A(a)(2) | solo flight time | 10 hours of supervised solo flight time | ||
| UK CAA (retained Part-FCL) | FCL.210.A(a)(2) | solo flight time | 10 hours of supervised solo flight time | Substituted by Commission Regulation (EU) 2015/445 of 17 March 2015 amending Regulation (EU) No 1178/2011 as regards technical requirements and administrative procedures related to civil aviation aircrew | |
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.210.A(a) | total flight time | at least 45 hours of flight instruction in aeroplanes | 5 of which may have been completed in an FSTD | |
| UK CAA (retained Part-FCL)sources differ | FCL.210.A(a) | total flight time | at least [ F2 40 ] hours | 5 of which may have been completed in an FSTD | Word in Annex 1 point FCL.210.A(a) substituted (1.10.2025) by The Aviation Safety (Amendment) (No. 2) Regulations 2025 (S.I. 2025/878), regs. 1(4), 6(4)(b)(i)(aa) |
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.210.A(b) | total flight time | at least 15 hours of flight time on aeroplanes after the issue of the LAPL(A) | Applicants for a PPL(A) holding an LAPL(A) | |
| UK CAA (retained Part-FCL) | FCL.210.A(b) | total flight time | reduced to 35 hours | if completed whilst undertaking a course at an ATO approved for that purpose | Annex 1 point FCL.210.A(b) substituted (1.10.2025) by The Aviation Safety (Amendment) (No. 2) Regulations 2025 (S.I. 2025/878), regs. 1(4), 6(4)(b)(iii) |
| UK CAA (retained Part-FCL) | FCL.210.A(c)(1) | total flight time | at least 24 hours of flight time on TMGs | Applicants for a PPL(A) who hold an SPL with the privileges to fly TMGs; after endorsement of the TMG privileges | Substituted by Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/359 of 4 March 2020 amending Regulation (EU) No 1178/2011 |
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.210.As(a)(1)(i) | cross-country flight training | 3 hours of cross-country flight training | including 1 cross-country flight of at least 65 km (35 NM) | |
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.210.As(a)(1) | dual instruction | 25 hours of dual flight instruction | ||
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.210.As(a)(1)(ii) | instrument training | 3 hours of instrument instruction | ||
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.210.As(a)(3) | solo flight time | 8 hours of supervised solo flight time | ||
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.210.As(a) | total flight time | at least 35 hours of flight instruction in airships | 5 of which may have been completed in an FSTD | |
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.210.H(a) | simulator credit | 5 of which may have been completed in an FNPT or FFS | ||
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.210.H(a)(2) | solo cross-country | at least 5 hours of solo cross-country flight time | with at least 1 cross-country flight of at least 185 km (100 NM), with full stop landings at 2 aerodromes different from the aerodrome of departure | |
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.210.H(a)(2) | solo flight time | 10 hours of supervised solo flight time | ||
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.210.H(a)(3) | total flight time | 35 of the 45 hours of flight instruction have to be completed on the same type of helicopter as the one used for the skill test | ||
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.210.H(a) | total flight time | at least 45 hours of flight instruction on helicopters | 5 of which may have been completed in an FNPT or FFS | |
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.103(a) | minimum age | at least 17 years of age | for a rating in other than a glider or balloon | |
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.103(b) | minimum age | at least 16 years of age | for a rating in a glider or balloon | |
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.103(j) | prerequisite licence | Hold a U.S. student pilot certificate, sport pilot certificate, or recreational pilot certificate | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(k)(1) | simulator credit | a maximum of 2.5 hours | Except as provided in paragraphs (k)(2) of this section | |
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(k)(2) | simulator credit | A maximum of 5 hours | if the training is accomplished in a course conducted by a training center certificated under | |
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.103(e) | theory examinations | Pass the required knowledge test | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(k)(3) | total flight time | a total of 35 hours | an applicant who has satisfactorily completed an approved private pilot course conducted by a training center certificated under part 142 | |
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(b)(1) | cross-country flight training | 3 hours of cross-country flight training in a multiengine airplane | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(b) | dual instruction | at least 20 hours of flight training from an authorized instructor | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(b)(3) | instrument training | 3 hours of flight training in a multiengine airplane | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(b)(2) | night flight training | 3 hours of night flight training in a multiengine airplane | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(b)(5)(i) | solo cross-country | 5 hours of solo cross-country time | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(b)(5)(ii) | solo cross-country | One solo cross country flight of 150 nautical miles total distance | with full-stop landings at three points, and one segment of the flight consisting of a straight-line distance of more than 50 nautical miles between the takeoff and landing locations | |
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(b)(5) | solo flight time | 10 hours of solo flight time in an airplane | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(b) | solo flight time | 10 hours of solo flight training | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(b) | total flight time | at least 40 hours of flight time | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(a)(1) | cross-country flight training | 3 hours of cross-country flight training in a single-engine airplane | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(a) | dual instruction | at least 20 hours | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(a)(3) | instrument training | 3 hours of flight training in a single-engine airplane | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(a)(2)(i) | night flight training | One cross-country flight of over 100 nautical miles total distance | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(a)(5)(ii) | solo cross-country | One solo cross country flight of 150 nautical miles total distance | with full-stop landings at three points, and one segment of the flight consisting of a straight-line distance of more than 50 nautical miles between the takeoff and landing locations | |
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(a)(5) | solo flight time | 10 hours of solo flight time in a single-engine airplane | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(a) | solo flight time | 10 hours of solo flight training | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(a) | total flight time | at least 40 hours | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(g)(1)(i) | cross-country flight training | 3 hours of cross-country flight training in an airship | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(g)(1) | dual instruction | 25 hours of flight training in airships | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(g)(2) | instrument training | 3 hours of flight training in an airship | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(g)(1)(ii)(A) | night flight training | A cross-country flight of over 25 nautical miles total distance | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(g)(1)(ii) | night flight training | 3 hours of night flight training in an airship | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(h) | dual instruction | at least six training flights with an authorized instructor | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(h) | total flight time | at least 10 hours of flight training | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(f)(1)(ii) | solo flight time | 2 hours of solo flight time in a glider | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(f)(1) | total flight time | at least 10 hours of flight time in a glider | If the applicant for a private pilot certificate with a glider category rating has not logged at least 40 hours of flight time as a pilot in a heavier-than-air aircraft | |
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(f)(2) | total flight time | at least 3 hours of flight time in a glider | If the applicant has logged at least 40 hours of flight time in a heavier-than-air aircraft | |
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(d)(1) | cross-country flight training | 3 hours of cross-country flight training in a gyroplane | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(d)(2) | night flight training | 3 hours of night flight training in a gyroplane | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(d)(4)(i) | solo cross-country | 3 hours of cross-country time | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(d)(4)(ii) | solo cross-country | One solo cross country flight of 100 nautical miles total distance | with landings at three points, and one segment of the flight being a straight-line distance of more than 25 nautical miles between the takeoff and landing locations | |
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(d)(4) | solo flight time | 10 hours of solo flight time in a gyroplane | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(d) | total flight time | at least 40 hours of flight time | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(c)(1) | cross-country flight training | 3 hours of cross-country flight training in a helicopter | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(c) | dual instruction | at least 20 hours of flight training from an authorized instructor | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(c)(2) | night flight training | 3 hours of night flight training in a helicopter | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(c)(2)(i) | night flight training | One cross-country flight of over 50 nautical miles total distance | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(c)(4)(ii) | solo cross-country | One solo cross country flight of 100 nautical miles total distance | with landings at three points, and one segment of the flight being a straight-line distance of more than 25 nautical miles between the takeoff and landing locations | |
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(c)(4) | solo flight time | 10 hours of solo flight time in a helicopter | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(c) | total flight time | at least 40 hours of flight time | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(e)(1) | cross-country flight training | 3 hours of cross-country flight training in a powered-lift | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(e)(3) | instrument training | 3 hours of flight training in a powered-lift | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(e)(2) | night flight training | 3 hours of night flight training in a powered-lift | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(e)(5)(i) | solo cross-country | 5 hours cross-country time | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(e)(5)(ii) | solo cross-country | One solo cross country flight of 150 nautical miles total distance | with full-stop landings at three points, and one segment of the flight consisting of a straight-line distance of more than 50 nautical miles between the takeoff and landing locations | |
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(e)(5) | solo flight time | 10 hours of solo flight time in a powered-lift | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(e) | total flight time | at least 40 hours of flight time | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(i)(1) | cross-country flight training | One hour of cross-country flight training in a powered parachute | that includes a 1-hour cross-country flight with a landing at an airport at least 25 nautical miles from the airport of departure | |
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(i) | dual instruction | at least 10 hours of flight training with an authorized instructor | including 30 takeoffs and landings | |
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(i)(2) | night flight training | 3 hours of night flight training in a powered parachute | that includes 10 takeoffs and landings | |
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(i)(4)(i) | solo cross-country | One solo cross-country flight with a landing at an airport at least 25 nautical miles from the departure airport | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(i)(4) | solo flight time | Three hours of solo flight time in a powered parachute | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(i) | total flight time | at least 25 hours of flight time in a powered parachute | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(j)(1) | cross-country flight training | Three hours of cross-country flight training | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(j) | dual instruction | at least 20 hours of flight training with an authorized instructor | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(j)(2) | night flight training | 3 hours of night flight training in a weight-shift-control aircraft | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(j)(2)(i) | night flight training | One cross-country flight of over 75 nautical miles total distance | that includes a point of landing that is a straight-line distance of more than 50 nautical miles from the original point of departure | |
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(j)(4)(i) | solo cross-country | Five hours of solo cross-country time | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(j)(4)(ii) | solo cross-country | One solo cross-country flight over 100 nautical miles total distance | with landings at a minimum of three points, and one segment of the flight being a straight line distance of at least 50 nautical miles between takeoff and landing locations | |
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(j)(4) | solo flight time | Ten hours of solo flight time in a weight-shift-control aircraft | ||
| FAA (United States) | 14 CFR 61.109(j) | total flight time | at least 40 hours of flight time | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.26(4)(b)(i) | dual instruction | 17 hours dual instruction flight time | including a minimum of 3 hours cross-country flight time and 5 hours of instrument time of which a maximum of 3 hours may be instrument ground time | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.26(4)(b)(i) | instrument training | 5 hours of instrument time | of which a maximum of 3 hours may be instrument ground time | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.26(2) | medical certificate class | a Category 3 Medical Certificate valid for a Private Pilot Licence - Aeroplanes | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.26(1) | minimum age | a minimum of seventeen years of age | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.26(4)(a) | simulator credit | A maximum 5 of the 45 hours may be conducted on an approved aeroplane simulator or flight training device | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.26(4)(b)(ii) | solo cross-country | 5 hours cross-country flight time | with a flight of a minimum of 150 nautical miles which shall include 2 full stop landings at points other than the point of departure | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.26(4)(b)(ii) | solo flight time | 12 hours solo flight time | including 5 hours cross-country flight time | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.26(4)(a) | total flight time | a minimum of 45 hours private pilot flight training in aeroplanes | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.27(4)(b)(i) | dual instruction | 17 hours dual instruction flight time | including a minimum of 3 hours cross-country flight time and 5 hours of instrument time of which a maximum of 3 hours may be instrument ground time | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.27(2) | medical certificate class | a Category 3 Medical Certificate valid for a Private Pilot Licence - Helicopter | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.27(1) | minimum age | a minimum of seventeen years of age | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.27(4)(a) | simulator credit | A maximum 5 of the 45 hours may be conducted in an approved helicopter flight simulation training device (FSTD) | ||
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.27(4)(b)(ii) | solo cross-country | 5 hours cross-country flight time | with a flight of a minimum of 100 nautical miles which shall include no fewer than 2 full stop landings at points other than the point of departure | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.27(4)(b)(ii) | solo flight time | 12 hours solo flight time | including 5 hours cross-country flight time | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.27(4)(a) | total flight time | a minimum of 45 hours private pilot flight training in helicopters | ||
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.200(b) | minimum age | at least 16 years of age | ||
| EASA (European Union) | FCL.210.S(a) | total flight time | at least 15 hours of flight instruction on sailplanes or powered sailplanes | including at least the requirements specified in FCL.110.S | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.19(2)(c) | medical certificate class | a Medical Certificate (Form 26-0055), Category 1 or 3 | An applicant for a Student Pilot Permit - Gyroplane, Balloon, or Helicopter category | |
| Transport Canada | CARs Standard 421.19(2)(b) | minimum age | a minimum of fourteen years of age | for all aircraft categories of permits |
Where this came from
Every record above links the page it was taken from and quotes the sentence that states it. These are the 6 sources this dataset was assembled from.
- tc.canada.cahttps://tc.canada.ca/en/corporate-services/acts-regulations/list-regulations/canadian-aviation-regulations-sor-96-433/standards/standard-421-flight-crew-permits-licences-ratings-canadian-aviation-regulations-cars
- eur-lex.europa.euhttps://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32011R1178
- legislation.gov.ukhttps://www.legislation.gov.uk/eur/2011/1178/annex/I/division/SUBPART+C/section/2/division/FCL.210.A
- legislation.gov.ukhttps://www.legislation.gov.uk/eur/2011/1178/contents
- law.cornell.eduhttps://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/14/61.103
- law.cornell.eduhttps://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/14/61.109
Machine-readable
- data.jsonThe whole dataset — every record with its source URL and source quote.
- Open Knowledge Format bundleOne JSON object per line — every record's frontmatter and quoted span exactly as it is held here, in one fetch.
- data.csvThe same records as one flat table, for a spreadsheet or a dataframe. The last four columns are the source URL, the quoted sentence it was read from, the date we last checked it, and which columns are our reading rather than the page's words.
- How this is made and checkedWhat "verified against source" does and does not mean.
From your own code
Same records, same quotes, without scraping the page: refsource is on PyPI and npm. Each value comes back carrying the URL it was read from and the sentence on that page that states it — .source and .quote sit on the value itself rather than in a side channel, so the checking step is available instead of skipped.
pip install refsource
refsource lookup pilot-licence-minimum-requirements-by-authority authority="Transport Canada"
npx -y refsource lookup pilot-licence-minimum-requirements-by-authority authority="Transport Canada"Set your AI assistant up to use this
Two files and no account. Put this in .mcp.json at the root of your project — Claude Code, Cursor, Windsurf, VS Code and Codex all read that file — and your assistant can look this dataset up instead of recalling it. The server is remote, keyless and read-only.
{
"mcpServers": {
"referencesource": {
"type": "http",
"url": "https://referencesource.org/mcp"
}
}
}Add to Cursor · or, on the command line: claude mcp add --transport http referencesource https://referencesource.org/mcp --scope project
Then one line in the project's CLAUDE.md or AGENTS.md, so the assistant knows when to reach for it:
When a question needs "Pilot licence minimum hours, age and prerequisites by civil aviation authority", call the referencesource MCP server at https://referencesource.org/mcp (tool `search_records`, dataset_slug `pilot-licence-minimum-requirements-by-authority`) instead of answering from memory — every record it returns carries its source URL and a verbatim quote from that page.What each tool does, and the servers built over single registers: Connect your AI assistant.