Real estate transfer tax by state: rate, who pays, brackets and first-time buyer relief
What does it cost to transfer a house, who is legally liable for the tax, and does a first-time buyer get relief? The state-level transfer, conveyance, deed excise or documentary stamp tax varies from none at all to 3 percent of the price, and the parts that move real money are the parts the assembled tables on the open web get wrong or omit. Delaware charges 3 percent, reduced to 2.5 percent where the county or municipality has enacted its own 1.5 percent tax, apportioned equally between grantor and grantee, with a first-time home buyer reduction of half a percent on the first $400,000 — content-mill tables print a flat '2%' or '2.5%' and none mention the first-time buyer relief. Florida is 70 cents per $100 statewide but 60 cents in Miami-Dade, where the widely-copied tables say Miami-Dade is higher. Washington and Hawaii are graduated by price band; Massachusetts prints a lower rate for Barnstable County than for the rest of the state; Virginia and Wisconsin impose the tax on the grantor by statute while Delaware splits it and New York's mansion tax falls on the buyer. One record per state, quoted from the state revenue department's own page or from the state statute that sets the rate. Answers 'how much is transfer tax in my state', 'who pays transfer tax buyer or seller', 'is there a first-time home buyer transfer tax exemption', and 'what is the deed excise on a $500,000 house'.
5 records where two or more sources state different values. Both sides are reproduced on the record page, each with its own source and quote.
The data
| State | Tax name | State rate | Rate brackets | Who pays | Local add-on | Minimum or exemption floor | Citation | First-time buyer relief |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Connecticut | Real Estate Conveyance Tax | Subject to the provisions of subsection (b) of this section, at the rate of three-quarters of one per cent of the consideration for the interest in real property conveyed by such deed, instrument or writing | (A) At the rate of three-quarters of one per cent on that portion of such consideration up to and including the amount of eight hundred thousand dollars; (B) Prior to July 1, 2020, at the rate of one and one-quarter per cent on that portion of such consideration in excess of eight hundred thousand dollars; and (C) On and after July 1, 2020, (i) at the rate of one and one-quarter per cent on that portion of such consideration in excess of eight hundred thousand dollars up to and including the amount of two million five hundred thousand dollars, and (ii) at the rate of two and one-quarter per cent on that portion of such consideration in excess of two million five hundred thousand dollars | The tax imposed by this chapter shall be payable by the person conveying the property upon the recording of each such deed, instrument or writing. | At the rate of one-fourth of one per cent of the consideration for the interest in real property conveyed by such deed, instrument or writing, provided the amount imposed under this subdivision shall become part of the general revenue of the municipality in accordance with section 12-499 . | when the consideration for the interest or property conveyed equals or exceeds two thousand dollars | Sec. 12-494 | |
| Delaware | realty transfer tax | 3 percent of the value of the property represented by such document, unless the municipality or county where the property is located has enacted the full 1½ percent realty transfer tax authorized by § 1601 of Title 22 or § 8102 of Title 9, in which case 2½ percent | Said tax is to be apportioned equally between grantor and grantee | unless the municipality or county where the property is located has enacted the full 1½ percent realty transfer tax authorized by § 1601 of Title 22 or § 8102 of Title 9, in which case 2½ percent | No tax shall be imposed on conveyances when the actual value of the property being transferred is less than $100 | § 5402. Rate of tax; when payable; exception | that portion of the realty transfer tax payable by the first-time home buyer shall be reduced by an amount equal to ½ percent multiplied by the lesser of the value of the property or $400,000 | |
| Florida | documentary stamp tax | 70 cents on each $100 or portion thereof of the total consideration | All parties to the document are liable for the tax regardless of which party agrees to pay the tax. If a party is exempt, the tax must be paid by a non-exempt party | The tax rate for Miami-Dade County is 60 cents on each $100, or portion thereof, of the total consideration. Miami-Dade County also has a surtax of 45 cents on each $100, or portion thereof, of the total consideration. The surtax is not due on a document that transfers only a single-family dwelling | Section 201.02(1)(a), F.S. | |||
| Hawaii | (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2): (A) Ten cents per $100 for properties with a value of less than $600,000; (B) Twenty cents per $100 for properties with a value of at least $600,000, but less than $1,000,000; (C) Thirty cents per $100 for properties with a value of at least $1,000,000, but less than $2,000,000; (D) Fifty cents per $100 for properties with a value of at least $2,000,000, but less than $4,000,000; (E) Seventy cents per $100 for properties with a value of at least $4,000,000, but less than $6,000,000; (F) Ninety cents per $100 for properties with a value of at least $6,000,000, but less than $10,000,000; and (G) One dollar per $100 for properties with a value of $10,000,000 or greater; and (2) For the sale of a condominium or single family residence for which the purchaser is ineligible for a county homeowner's exemption on property tax: (A) Fifteen cents per $100 for properties with a value of less than $600,000; (B) Twenty-five cents per $100 for properties with a value of at least $600,000, but less than $1,000,000; (C) Forty cents per $100 for properties with a value of at least $1,000,000, but less than $2,000,000; (D) Sixty cents per $100 for properties with a value of at least $2,000,000, but less than $4,000,000; (E) Eighty-five cents per $100 for properties with a value of at least $4,000,000, but less than $6,000,000; (F) One dollar and ten cents per $100 for properties with a value of at least $6,000,000, but less than $10,000,000; and (G) One dollar and twenty-five cents per $100 for properties with a value of $10,000,000 or greater | the tax imposed for each transaction shall be not less than $1 | §247-2 | |||||
| Illinois | Real Estate Transfer Tax | 50¢ for each $500 of value or fraction of $500 stated in the declaration required by Section 31-25 | 35 ILCS 200/31-10 | |||||
| Iowa | REAL ESTATE TRANSFER TAX | the tax is eighty cents for each five hundred dollars or fractional part of five hundred dollars in excess of five hundred dollars | When there is no consideration or when the deed, instrument, or writing is executed and tendered for recording as an instrument corrective of title, and so states, there is no tax. | §428A.1 | ||||
| Maine | Real Estate Transfer Tax | $2.20 for each $500 or fractional part of $500 of the value of the property being transferred | For transfers that occur on or after November 1, 2025, if the value of the property being transferred exceeds $1 million, an additional tax of $3.80 is imposed on each $500 or fractional part of $500 that exceeds $1 million | The tax is imposed ½ on the grantor (seller), and ½ on the grantee (buyer) | 36 M.R.S. §§ 4641 - 4641-N | |||
| Marylandsources differ | transfer tax | the rate of the transfer tax is 0.5% of the consideration payable for the instrument of writing | §13–203 | the rate of the transfer tax is 0.25% of the consideration payable for the instrument of writing and the transfer tax shall be paid entirely by the seller | ||||
| Massachusettssources differ | excise taxes | exceeds one hundred dollars and does not exceed five hundred dollars, two dollars; and for each additional five hundred dollars or fractional part thereof, two dollars | provided, however, that in Barnstable county, the excise tax herein specified shall be one dollar and fifty cents for each five hundred dollars or fractional part of said consideration, excluding a consideration of between zero and one hundred dollars | when the consideration of the interest or property conveyed, exclusive of the value of any lien or encumbrance remaining thereon at the time of the sale, exceeds one hundred dollars | Chapter 64D, Section 1 | |||
| Michigan | STATE REAL ESTATE TRANSFER TAX ACT | $3.75 for each $500.00 or fraction of $500.00 of the total value of the property being transferred | 207.525 | |||||
| Minnesotasources differ | Deed Tax | 0.0033 of the net consideration | State rate for all Minnesota counties | 0.0033 | N/A | Hennepin County (ERF Tax) | 0.0033 | 0.0001 | Ramsey County (ERF Tax) | 0.0033 | 0.0001 | Hennepin and Ramsey counties have an additional Environmental Response Fund Tax of 0.0001 (ERF Tax) | Minnesota Statute 287.21 subdivision 1[d] | |||
| New Hampshiresources differ | Transfer Tax | The rate of the tax is $.75 per $100, or fractional part thereof, of the price or consideration for such sale, grant, or transfer | where the price or consideration is $4,000 or less there shall be a minimum tax of $20 | Section 78-B:1 | ||||
| New Jersey | Realty Transfer Fee | 1% of total consideration if in excess of $1,000,000 but not in excess of $2,000,000; 2% of total consideration if in excess of $2,000,000 but not in excess of $2,500,000; 2.5% of total consideration if in excess of $2,500,000 but not in excess of $3,000,000; 3% of total consideration if in excess of $3,000,000 but not in excess of $3,500,000; 3.5% of total consideration if in excess of $3,500,000. | The seller is statutorily responsible for the RTF and the Graduated Percent Fee. | For a consideration of less than $100 | ||||
| New York | real estate transfer tax | two dollars for each $500, or fractional part thereof, of consideration | An additional tax (mansion tax) of 1% of the sale price applies to residences where consideration is $1 million or more | The base tax and additional base tax are paid by the grantor (seller), and such tax shall not be paid directly or indirectly by the grantee (buyer) except as provided in a contract between seller and buyer | certain conveyances of real property or interests therein located in New York City (other than conveyances made pursuant to a binding written contract entered into on or before April 1, 2019) are also subject to the following taxes | when the consideration exceeds $500 | ||
| North Carolina | excise tax | one dollar ($1.00) on each five hundred dollars ($500.00) or fractional part thereof of the consideration or value of the interest conveyed | The transferor must pay the tax to the register of deeds of the county in which the real estate is located before recording the instrument of conveyance | G.S. 105-228.30 | ||||
| Ohio | real property transfer fee | one dollar, or ten cents for each one hundred dollars or fraction of one hundred dollars, whichever is greater, of the value of the real property transferred | Section 319.54 | |||||
| Pennsylvania | realty transfer tax | 1 percent on the value of real estate (including contracted-for improvements to property) transferred by deed, instrument, long-term lease or other writing | Both grantor and grantee are held jointly and severally liable for payment of the tax | Pennsylvania realty transfer tax is collected, often along with an additional local realty transfer tax, by county Recorders of Deeds | ||||
| Tennessee | Recordation tax | thirty-seven cents (37¢) per one hundred dollars ($100) | This tax shall be paid by the grantee or transferee of the interest in real estate, as shown on the instrument evidencing the transfer of such interest | TN Code § 67-4-409 (2025) | ||||
| Vermontsources differ | Property Transfer Tax | The amount of the tax equals 1.25 percent of the value of the property transferred, or $1.00, whichever is greater | With respect to the transfer of property to be used for the principal residence of the transferee, the tax shall be imposed at the rate of 0.5 percent of the first $200,000.00 in value of the property transferred and at the rate of 1.25 percent of the value of the property transferred in excess of $200,000.00 | 32 V.S.A. § 9602 | ||||
| Virginia | State Recordation Tax | 50 cents for each $500 or fraction thereof, exclusive of the value of any lien or encumbrance remaining thereon at the time of the sale | The tax imposed by this section shall be paid by the grantor, or any person who signs on behalf of the grantor, of any deed, instrument, or writing subject to the tax imposed by this section; however, the grantor and grantee may arrange for the grantee to pay all or a portion of the tax | No increase in the city or county recordation tax authorized by § 58.1-814 shall be deemed authorized by this section | when the consideration or value of the interest, whichever is greater, exceeds $100 | § 58.1-802. Additional tax paid by grantor; collection | ||
| Washington | Real estate excise tax | A graduated state REET rate structure for sales of real property. Exception: Agricultural land/timberland is excluded from the new rate structure and will continue to have a state REET rate of 1.28%. | $525,000 or less | 1.10% | $525,000.01 - $1,525,000 | 1.28% | $1,525,000.01 - $3,025,000 | 2.75% | $3,025,000.01 or more | 3% | Usually, the seller pays this tax, but if they don't, the buyer is responsible | The local REET must be calculated and added to the graduated state rate for the total tax due | Chapter 82.45 RCW | ||
| Wisconsin | real estate transfer fee | 30 cents for each $100 of value or fraction thereof on every conveyance not exempted or excluded under this subchapter | There is imposed on the grantor of real estate a real estate transfer fee | 77.22 Imposition of real estate transfer fee. |
Where this came from
Every record above links the page it was taken from and quotes the sentence that states it. These are the 27 sources this dataset was assembled from.
- cga.ct.govhttps://www.cga.ct.gov/current/pub/chap_223.htm
- delcode.delaware.govhttps://delcode.delaware.gov/title30/c054/sc01/index.html
- floridarevenue.comhttps://floridarevenue.com/taxes/taxesfees/pages/doc_stamp.aspx
- capitol.hawaii.govhttps://www.capitol.hawaii.gov/hrscurrent/Vol04_Ch0201-0257/HRS0247/HRS_0247-0002.htm
- ilga.govhttps://www.ilga.gov/legislation/ILCS/details?MajorTopic=&Chapter=&ActName=Property%20Tax%20Code.&ActID=596&ChapterID=8&ChapAct=35+ILCS+200%2F&SeqStart=91500000&SeqEnd=93300000
- legis.iowa.govhttps://www.legis.iowa.gov/docs/code/428A.1.pdf
- maine.govhttps://www.maine.gov/revenue/taxes/property-tax/transfer-tax
- mgaleg.maryland.govhttps://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Laws/StatuteText?article=grp§ion=14-104&enactments=false
- mgaleg.maryland.govhttps://mgaleg.maryland.gov/mgawebsite/Laws/StatuteText?article=gtp§ion=13-203&enactments=false
- massrods.comhttps://massrods.com/suffolk/excise-tax-calculator/
- malegislature.govhttps://malegislature.gov/Laws/GeneralLaws/PartI/TitleIX/Chapter64D/Section1
- legislature.mi.govhttps://www.legislature.mi.gov/Laws/MCL?objectName=mcl-207-525
- revisor.mn.govhttps://www.revisor.mn.gov/statutes/cite/287.21
- revenue.state.mn.ushttps://www.revenue.state.mn.us/deed-tax-rate
- gencourt.state.nh.ushttps://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/V/78-B/78-B-4.htm
- gencourt.state.nh.ushttps://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/V/78-B/78-B-1.htm
- nj.govhttps://www.nj.gov/treasury/taxation/realty.shtml
- tax.ny.govhttps://www.tax.ny.gov/bus/transfer/rptidx.htm
- ncleg.govhttps://www.ncleg.gov/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/HTML/BySection/Chapter_105/GS_105-228.30.html
- codes.ohio.govhttps://codes.ohio.gov/ohio-revised-code/section-319.54
- revenue.pa.govhttps://www.revenue.pa.gov/TaxTypes/RTT/Pages/default.aspx
- law.justia.comhttps://law.justia.com/codes/tennessee/title-67/chapter-4/part-4/section-67-4-409/
- legislature.vermont.govhttps://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/32/231/09604
- legislature.vermont.govhttps://legislature.vermont.gov/statutes/section/32/231/09602
- law.lis.virginia.govhttps://law.lis.virginia.gov/vacode/title58.1/chapter8/section58.1-802/
- dor.wa.govhttps://dor.wa.gov/taxes-rates/other-taxes/real-estate-excise-tax
- docs.legis.wisconsin.govhttps://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/77/ii/22
Machine-readable
- data.jsonThe whole dataset — every record with its source URL and source quote.
- Open Knowledge Format bundleOne JSON object per line — every record's frontmatter and quoted span exactly as it is held here, in one fetch.
- data.csvThe same records as one flat table, for a spreadsheet or a dataframe. The last four columns are the source URL, the quoted sentence it was read from, the date we last checked it, and which columns are our reading rather than the page's words.
- How this is made and checkedWhat "verified against source" does and does not mean.
From your own code
Same records, same quotes, without scraping the page: refsource is on PyPI and npm. Each value comes back carrying the URL it was read from and the sentence on that page that states it — .source and .quote sit on the value itself rather than in a side channel, so the checking step is available instead of skipped.
pip install refsource
refsource lookup state-real-estate-transfer-tax state=Connecticut
npx -y refsource lookup state-real-estate-transfer-tax state=Connecticut
Set your AI assistant up to use this
Two files and no account. Put this in .mcp.json at the root of your project — Claude Code, Cursor, Windsurf, VS Code and Codex all read that file — and your assistant can look this dataset up instead of recalling it. The server is remote, keyless and read-only.
{
"mcpServers": {
"referencesource": {
"type": "http",
"url": "https://referencesource.org/mcp"
}
}
}Add to Cursor · or, on the command line: claude mcp add --transport http referencesource https://referencesource.org/mcp --scope project
Then one line in the project's CLAUDE.md or AGENTS.md, so the assistant knows when to reach for it:
When a question needs "Real estate transfer tax by state: rate, who pays, brackets and first-time buyer relief", call the referencesource MCP server at https://referencesource.org/mcp (tool `search_records`, dataset_slug `state-real-estate-transfer-tax`) instead of answering from memory — every record it returns carries its source URL and a verbatim quote from that page.What each tool does, and the servers built over single registers: Connect your AI assistant.