{"asset": "industrial-cross-reference-bearings-seals-fittings", "asset_type": "lookup", "body": "Identifying characteristics of each hydraulic, pipe, and instrumentation connection standard used in fluid power and plumbing systems. For each connection type, gives the governing standard, seat or flare angle, whether the thread is tapered or parallel, how the seal is made, and interchangeability notes with other standards. Answers the recurring field question 'what kind of fitting is this?' \u2014 the identification step that must happen before any cross-reference or adapter lookup.\n", "description": "Identifying characteristics of each hydraulic, pipe, and instrumentation connection standard used in fluid power and plumbing systems. For each connection type, gives the governing standard, seat or flare angle, whether the thread is tapered or parallel, how the seal is made, and interchangeability notes with other standards. Answers the recurring field question 'what kind of fitting is this?' \u2014 the identification step that must happen before any cross-reference or adapter lookup.", "file": "index.md", "generated": true, "harvested": "2026-08-13", "key_field": "connection_type", "licence": "Factual compilation of connection type characteristics from a manufacturer's published identification guide. Individual facts (standard number, seat angle, thread type) are not copyrightable; short attributed quotes link back to the source page.", "sources": ["https://brennaninc.com/connection-types/"], "stale_after": "2028-08-12", "title": "Hydraulic and pipe connection type identification", "type": "dataset", "verified": false}
{"asset": "industrial-cross-reference-bearings-seals-fittings", "body": "**Connection type:** BSPP\n\n**Governing standard:** BSP\n\n**Region of origin:** British Connections\n\n**Thread type (tapered or parallel):** parallel\n\n**Seat or flare angle:** cone seat\n\n**Seal method:** A captive seal is made using metal to metal angled surfaces or a combination of metal to metal and an O-ring.\n\n**Interchangeability notes:** very similar (but not interchangeable) with the American NPSM male\n\n> The British Standard Pipe Parallel (BSPP) male connection is comparable to NPSM male except most sizes have a different thread pitch. A captive seal is made using metal to metal angled surfaces or a combination of metal to metal and an O-ring. This type of connection is very similar (but not interchangeable) with the American NPSM male. The female swivel BSPP has a tapered nose flareless swivel where the seal occurs on the cone seat of the male connector.\n\nSource: \n", "connection_type": "BSPP", "file": "bspp.md", "generated": true, "governing_standard": "BSP", "harvested": "2026-08-13", "id": "bspp", "interchangeability_notes": "very similar (but not interchangeable) with the American NPSM male", "region": "British Connections", "seal_method": "A captive seal is made using metal to metal angled surfaces or a combination of metal to metal and an O-ring.", "seat_angle": "cone seat", "source_quote": "The British Standard Pipe Parallel (BSPP) male connection is comparable to NPSM male except most sizes have a different thread pitch. A captive seal is made using metal to metal angled surfaces or a combination of metal to metal and an O-ring. This type of connection is very similar (but not interchangeable) with the American NPSM male. The female swivel BSPP has a tapered nose flareless swivel where the seal occurs on the cone seat of the male connector.", "sources": ["https://brennaninc.com/connection-types/"], "stale_after": "2028-08-12", "thread_type": "parallel", "title": "BSPP \u2014 Hydraulic and pipe connection type identification", "type": "lookup", "unverified_fields": "governing_standard", "verified": true}
{"asset": "industrial-cross-reference-bearings-seals-fittings", "body": "**Connection type:** BSPT\n\n**Governing standard:** BSP\n\n**Region of origin:** British Connections\n\n**Thread type (tapered or parallel):** tapered\n\n**Seal method:** Sealing takes place by distortion of the threads.\n\n**Interchangeability notes:** comparable to NPT, except most sizes have a different thread pitch, plus the OD's and thread form are close, but not the same\n\n> British Connections British Standard Pipe (BSP) and British Standard Pipe Tapered (BSPT) connections are comparable to NPT, except most sizes have a different thread pitch, plus the OD\u2019s and thread form are close, but not the same. Sealing takes place by distortion of the threads. Because of this, thread sealants are recommended when securing these connections.\n\nSource: \n", "connection_type": "BSPT", "file": "bspt.md", "generated": true, "governing_standard": "BSP", "harvested": "2026-08-13", "id": "bspt", "interchangeability_notes": "comparable to NPT, except most sizes have a different thread pitch, plus the OD's and thread form are close, but not the same", "region": "British Connections", "seal_method": "Sealing takes place by distortion of the threads.", "source_quote": "British Connections British Standard Pipe (BSP) and British Standard Pipe Tapered (BSPT) connections are comparable to NPT, except most sizes have a different thread pitch, plus the OD\u2019s and thread form are close, but not the same. Sealing takes place by distortion of the threads. Because of this, thread sealants are recommended when securing these connections.", "sources": ["https://brennaninc.com/connection-types/"], "stale_after": "2028-08-12", "thread_type": "tapered", "title": "BSPT \u2014 Hydraulic and pipe connection type identification", "type": "lookup", "verified": true}
{"asset": "industrial-cross-reference-bearings-seals-fittings", "body": "**Connection type:** DIN 2353 / ISO 8434\n\n**Governing standard:** DIN 2353 / ISO 8434\n\n**Region of origin:** German Connections\n\n**Thread type (tapered or parallel):** straight metric thread\n\n**Seat or flare angle:** 24\u00b0\n\n**Seal method:** The straight metric thread male has a 24\u00b0 angle. Its recessed counter-bore matches the tube O.D. it is connected to.\n\n> DIN 2353 / ISO 8434 series is a common male with three different possible female halves. The straight metric thread male has a 24\u00b0 angle. Its recessed counter-bore matches the tube O.D. it is connected to.\n\nSource: \n", "connection_type": "DIN 2353 / ISO 8434", "file": "din-2353-iso-8434.md", "generated": true, "governing_standard": "DIN 2353 / ISO 8434", "harvested": "2026-08-13", "id": "din-2353-iso-8434", "region": "German Connections", "seal_method": "The straight metric thread male has a 24\u00b0 angle. Its recessed counter-bore matches the tube O.D. it is connected to.", "seat_angle": "24\u00b0", "source_quote": "DIN 2353 / ISO 8434 series is a common male with three different possible female halves. The straight metric thread male has a 24\u00b0 angle. Its recessed counter-bore matches the tube O.D. it is connected to.", "sources": ["https://brennaninc.com/connection-types/"], "stale_after": "2028-08-12", "thread_type": "straight metric thread", "title": "DIN 2353 / ISO 8434 \u2014 Hydraulic and pipe connection type identification", "type": "lookup", "verified": true}
{"asset": "industrial-cross-reference-bearings-seals-fittings", "body": "**Connection type:** DIN 3852\n\n**Governing standard:** DIN 3852\n\n**Region of origin:** German Connections\n\n**Thread type (tapered or parallel):** straight metric thread\n\n**Seal method:** DIN 3852 is a male connector and female port. It is a style controlled by German specifications.\n\n**Interchangeability notes:** Other countries sometimes use it as a reference for connector and port designs.\n\n> DIN 3852 is a male connector and female port. It is a style controlled by German specifications. Other countries sometimes use it as a reference for connector and port designs.\n\nSource: \n", "connection_type": "DIN 3852", "file": "din-3852.md", "generated": true, "governing_standard": "DIN 3852", "harvested": "2026-08-13", "id": "din-3852", "interchangeability_notes": "Other countries sometimes use it as a reference for connector and port designs.", "region": "German Connections", "seal_method": "DIN 3852 is a male connector and female port. It is a style controlled by German specifications.", "source_quote": "DIN 3852 is a male connector and female port. It is a style controlled by German specifications. Other countries sometimes use it as a reference for connector and port designs.", "sources": ["https://brennaninc.com/connection-types/"], "stale_after": "2028-08-12", "thread_type": "straight metric thread", "title": "DIN 3852 \u2014 Hydraulic and pipe connection type identification", "type": "lookup", "unverified_fields": "thread_type", "verified": true}
{"asset": "industrial-cross-reference-bearings-seals-fittings", "body": "**Connection type:** DIN 7631\n\n**Governing standard:** DIN 7631\n\n**Region of origin:** German Connections\n\n**Thread type (tapered or parallel):** straight metric thread\n\n**Seat or flare angle:** 60\u00b0\n\n**Seal method:** The male connector has a straight metric thread with a 60\u00b0 angle on the recessed cone. The female has a straight thread with a seat that is a tapered nose. The contact of the cone of the male and the tapered nose of the female flareless swivel is where the seal takes place.\n\n> DIN 7631 series is a common metric-style connection in hydraulic systems. The male connector has a straight metric thread with a 60\u00b0 angle on the recessed cone. The female has a straight thread with a seat that is a tapered nose. The contact of the cone of the male and the tapered nose of the female flareless swivel is where the seal takes place.\n\nSource: \n", "connection_type": "DIN 7631", "file": "din-7631.md", "generated": true, "governing_standard": "DIN 7631", "harvested": "2026-08-13", "id": "din-7631", "region": "German Connections", "seal_method": "The male connector has a straight metric thread with a 60\u00b0 angle on the recessed cone. The female has a straight thread with a seat that is a tapered nose. The contact of the cone of the male and the tapered nose of the female flareless swivel is where the seal takes place.", "seat_angle": "60\u00b0", "source_quote": "DIN 7631 series is a common metric-style connection in hydraulic systems. The male connector has a straight metric thread with a 60\u00b0 angle on the recessed cone. The female has a straight thread with a seat that is a tapered nose. The contact of the cone of the male and the tapered nose of the female flareless swivel is where the seal takes place.", "sources": ["https://brennaninc.com/connection-types/"], "stale_after": "2028-08-12", "thread_type": "straight metric thread", "title": "DIN 7631 \u2014 Hydraulic and pipe connection type identification", "type": "lookup", "verified": true}
{"asset": "industrial-cross-reference-bearings-seals-fittings", "body": "**Connection type:** Instrumentation Fittings (Double and Single Ferrule)\n\n**Governing standard:** Instrumentation\n\n**Region of origin:** Instrumentation Fittings\n\n**Thread type (tapered or parallel):** UNEF (extra fine)\n\n**Seat or flare angle:** inner cone\n\n**Seal method:** The seal is made between the front ferrule and the cone. The tubing is held in place by the swaging action caused by the tightening of the nut, which forces the front and back ferrules to bite into the tubing, firmly holding it in place.\n\n> Double and Single Ferrule Instrumentation Fittings are widely used in fluid or gas transfer applications such as refineries, chemical plants and food processing plants. The male end of a double-ferrule instrumentation fitting has a recessed counter-bore which matches the tube OD being used, plus an inner cone. The seal is made between the front ferrule and the cone. The tubing is held in place by the swaging action caused by the tightening of the nut, which forces the front and back ferrules to bite into the tubing, firmly holding it in place.\n\nSource: \n", "connection_type": "Instrumentation Fittings (Double and Single Ferrule)", "file": "instrumentation-fittings-double-and-single-ferrule.md", "generated": true, "governing_standard": "Instrumentation", "harvested": "2026-08-13", "id": "instrumentation-fittings-double-and-single-ferrule", "region": "Instrumentation Fittings", "seal_method": "The seal is made between the front ferrule and the cone. The tubing is held in place by the swaging action caused by the tightening of the nut, which forces the front and back ferrules to bite into the tubing, firmly holding it in place.", "seat_angle": "inner cone", "source_quote": "Double and Single Ferrule Instrumentation Fittings are widely used in fluid or gas transfer applications such as refineries, chemical plants and food processing plants. The male end of a double-ferrule instrumentation fitting has a recessed counter-bore which matches the tube OD being used, plus an inner cone. The seal is made between the front ferrule and the cone. The tubing is held in place by the swaging action caused by the tightening of the nut, which forces the front and back ferrules to bite into the tubing, firmly holding it in place.", "sources": ["https://brennaninc.com/connection-types/"], "stale_after": "2028-08-12", "thread_type": "UNEF (extra fine)", "title": "Instrumentation Fittings (Double and Single Ferrule) \u2014 Hydraulic and pipe connection type identification", "type": "lookup", "unverified_fields": "connection_type, thread_type", "verified": false}
{"asset": "industrial-cross-reference-bearings-seals-fittings", "body": "**Connection type:** ISO 6149\n\n**Governing standard:** ISO 6149\n\n**Region of origin:** ISO Connections\n\n**Thread type (tapered or parallel):** straight threads\n\n**Seat or flare angle:** flat face\n\n**Seal method:** The male connector has straight threads with an O-ring. The female port is also straight threads machined surface to provide a smooth, flat, accurately located surface (minimum spotface), along with a chamfer where the O-ring seats. It seals when the O-ring is compressed into the chamfer when mating the male connection.\n\n**Interchangeability notes:** similar to the SAE J514 Straight Thread O-ring Boss (ORB), this type of connection incorporates metric threads\n\n> ISO 6149 Port and Stud Ends with ISO 261 Threads and O-ring Seal though it is similar to the SAE J514 Straight Thread O-ring Boss (ORB), this type of connection incorporates metric threads. The male connector has straight threads with an O-ring. The female port is also straight threads machined surface to provide a smooth, flat, accurately located surface (minimum spotface), along with a chamfer where the O-ring seats. It seals when the O-ring is compressed into the chamfer when mating the male connection. This is also considered a mechanical connection.\n\nSource: \n", "connection_type": "ISO 6149", "file": "iso-6149.md", "generated": true, "governing_standard": "ISO 6149", "harvested": "2026-08-13", "id": "iso-6149", "interchangeability_notes": "similar to the SAE J514 Straight Thread O-ring Boss (ORB), this type of connection incorporates metric threads", "region": "ISO Connections", "seal_method": "The male connector has straight threads with an O-ring. The female port is also straight threads machined surface to provide a smooth, flat, accurately located surface (minimum spotface), along with a chamfer where the O-ring seats. It seals when the O-ring is compressed into the chamfer when mating the male connection.", "seat_angle": "flat face", "source_quote": "ISO 6149 Port and Stud Ends with ISO 261 Threads and O-ring Seal though it is similar to the SAE J514 Straight Thread O-ring Boss (ORB), this type of connection incorporates metric threads. The male connector has straight threads with an O-ring. The female port is also straight threads machined surface to provide a smooth, flat, accurately located surface (minimum spotface), along with a chamfer where the O-ring seats. It seals when the O-ring is compressed into the chamfer when mating the male connection. This is also considered a mechanical connection.", "sources": ["https://brennaninc.com/connection-types/"], "stale_after": "2028-08-12", "thread_type": "straight threads", "title": "ISO 6149 \u2014 Hydraulic and pipe connection type identification", "type": "lookup", "unverified_fields": "seat_angle", "verified": true}
{"asset": "industrial-cross-reference-bearings-seals-fittings", "body": "**Connection type:** ISO/DIS 6162 4-Bolt Flange\n\n**Governing standard:** ISO/DIS 6162\n\n**Region of origin:** ISO Connections\n\n**Thread type (tapered or parallel):** flange bolts\n\n**Seat or flare angle:** flat surface\n\n**Seal method:** The male is a flanged head with a groove for an O-ring to seat and either split or captive flange halves and bolt holes which match the port. The seal is made where the O-ring is compressed between the flanged head and the flat surface of the port. The connection is held by threaded bolts.\n\n**Interchangeability notes:** Excluding bolt sizes, SAE J518, JIS B 8363, ISO/DIS 6162 and DIN 20066 are interchangeable.\n\n> The seal is made where the O-ring is compressed between the flanged head and the flat surface of the port. The connection is held by threaded bolts. JIS 210 Kgf/cm2 4-Bolt Square Flange incorporates a JIS 4-bolt square flange connection which is comparable to SAE 4-bolt flange connections with one difference \u2013 the flange itself is different and the JIS bolt pattern is square. ISO Connections ISO/DIS 6162 4-Bolt Flange is another common connection found in fluid power systems. There are two pressure ratings for this connection- Code 61: PN 35/350 bar which is considered the standard series and Code 62: PN 415 bar which is the high pressure series. They maintain the same design, yet with the bold hole spacings and flanged head diameters being larger on the PN 415 bar high pressure connection. Inch or metric bolts are found in these connections, however there is an \u201cM\u201d stamped on the port if metric bolts are to be used. The female port of the fitting is a smooth, un-threaded port with four bolt holes set in a rectangular pattern in around the port. The male is a flanged head with a groove for an O-ring to seat and either split or captive flange halves and bolt holes which match the port. The seal is made where the O-ring is compressed between the flanged head and the flat surface of the port. The connection is held by threaded bolts.\n\nSource: \n", "connection_type": "ISO/DIS 6162 4-Bolt Flange", "file": "iso-dis-6162-4-bolt-flange.md", "generated": true, "governing_standard": "ISO/DIS 6162", "harvested": "2026-08-13", "id": "iso-dis-6162-4-bolt-flange", "interchangeability_notes": "Excluding bolt sizes, SAE J518, JIS B 8363, ISO/DIS 6162 and DIN 20066 are interchangeable.", "region": "ISO Connections", "seal_method": "The male is a flanged head with a groove for an O-ring to seat and either split or captive flange halves and bolt holes which match the port. The seal is made where the O-ring is compressed between the flanged head and the flat surface of the port. The connection is held by threaded bolts.", "seat_angle": "flat surface", "source_quote": "The seal is made where the O-ring is compressed between the flanged head and the flat surface of the port. The connection is held by threaded bolts. JIS 210 Kgf/cm2 4-Bolt Square Flange incorporates a JIS 4-bolt square flange connection which is comparable to SAE 4-bolt flange connections with one difference \u2013 the flange itself is different and the JIS bolt pattern is square. ISO Connections ISO/DIS 6162 4-Bolt Flange is another common connection found in fluid power systems. There are two pressure ratings for this connection- Code 61: PN 35/350 bar which is considered the standard series and Code 62: PN 415 bar which is the high pressure series. They maintain the same design, yet with the bold hole spacings and flanged head diameters being larger on the PN 415 bar high pressure connection. Inch or metric bolts are found in these connections, however there is an \u201cM\u201d stamped on the port if metric bolts are to be used. The female port of the fitting is a smooth, un-threaded port with four bolt holes set in a rectangular pattern in around the port. The male is a flanged head with a groove for an O-ring to seat and either split or captive flange halves and bolt holes which match the port. The seal is made where the O-ring is compressed between the flanged head and the flat surface of the port. The connection is held by threaded bolts.", "sources": ["https://brennaninc.com/connection-types/"], "stale_after": "2028-08-12", "thread_type": "flange bolts", "title": "ISO/DIS 6162 4-Bolt Flange \u2014 Hydraulic and pipe connection type identification", "type": "lookup", "unverified_fields": "interchangeability_notes, thread_type", "verified": true}
{"asset": "industrial-cross-reference-bearings-seals-fittings", "body": "**Connection type:** JIS 210 Kgf/cm2 4-Bolt Square Flange\n\n**Governing standard:** JIS\n\n**Region of origin:** Japanese Connections\n\n**Thread type (tapered or parallel):** flange bolts\n\n**Seat or flare angle:** flat face\n\n**Seal method:** JIS 210 Kgf/cm2 4-Bolt Square Flange incorporates a JIS 4-bolt square flange connection\n\n**Interchangeability notes:** comparable to SAE 4-bolt flange connections with one difference \u2013 the flange itself is different and the JIS bolt pattern is square\n\n> JIS 210 Kgf/cm2 4-Bolt Square Flange incorporates a JIS 4-bolt square flange connection which is comparable to SAE 4-bolt flange connections with one difference \u2013 the flange itself is different and the JIS bolt pattern is square.\n\nSource: \n", "connection_type": "JIS 210 Kgf/cm2 4-Bolt Square Flange", "file": "jis-210-kgf-cm2-4-bolt-square-flange.md", "generated": true, "governing_standard": "JIS", "harvested": "2026-08-13", "id": "jis-210-kgf-cm2-4-bolt-square-flange", "interchangeability_notes": "comparable to SAE 4-bolt flange connections with one difference \u2013 the flange itself is different and the JIS bolt pattern is square", "region": "Japanese Connections", "seal_method": "JIS 210 Kgf/cm2 4-Bolt Square Flange incorporates a JIS 4-bolt square flange connection", "seat_angle": "flat face", "source_quote": "JIS 210 Kgf/cm2 4-Bolt Square Flange incorporates a JIS 4-bolt square flange connection which is comparable to SAE 4-bolt flange connections with one difference \u2013 the flange itself is different and the JIS bolt pattern is square.", "sources": ["https://brennaninc.com/connection-types/"], "stale_after": "2028-08-12", "thread_type": "flange bolts", "title": "JIS 210 Kgf/cm2 4-Bolt Square Flange \u2014 Hydraulic and pipe connection type identification", "type": "lookup", "unverified_fields": "seat_angle, thread_type", "verified": true}
{"asset": "industrial-cross-reference-bearings-seals-fittings", "body": "**Connection type:** JIS 30\u00b0 Female (Cone) Seat\n\n**Governing standard:** JIS B 0202\n\n**Region of origin:** Japanese Connections\n\n**Thread type (tapered or parallel):** parallel pipe threads\n\n**Seat or flare angle:** 30\u00b0\n\n**Seal method:** Japanese JIS 30\u00b0 flare connections are comparable to American SAE 37\u00b0 flare connections in application and sealing principals.\n\n**Interchangeability notes:** JIS 30\u00b0 flare angle and dimensions are different with threads that are similar to BSPP\n\n> JIS 30\u00b0 Female (Cone) Seat connections are are parallel pipe threads per JIS B 0202. Japanese JIS 30\u00b0 flare connections are comparable to American SAE 37\u00b0 flare connections in application and sealing principals. Yet, JIS 30\u00b0 flare angle and dimensions are different with threads that are similar to BSPP.\n\nSource: \n", "connection_type": "JIS 30\u00b0 Female (Cone) Seat", "file": "jis-30-female-cone-seat.md", "generated": true, "governing_standard": "JIS B 0202", "harvested": "2026-08-13", "id": "jis-30-female-cone-seat", "interchangeability_notes": "JIS 30\u00b0 flare angle and dimensions are different with threads that are similar to BSPP", "region": "Japanese Connections", "seal_method": "Japanese JIS 30\u00b0 flare connections are comparable to American SAE 37\u00b0 flare connections in application and sealing principals.", "seat_angle": "30\u00b0", "source_quote": "JIS 30\u00b0 Female (Cone) Seat connections are are parallel pipe threads per JIS B 0202. Japanese JIS 30\u00b0 flare connections are comparable to American SAE 37\u00b0 flare connections in application and sealing principals. Yet, JIS 30\u00b0 flare angle and dimensions are different with threads that are similar to BSPP.", "sources": ["https://brennaninc.com/connection-types/"], "stale_after": "2028-08-12", "thread_type": "parallel pipe threads", "title": "JIS 30\u00b0 Female (Cone) Seat \u2014 Hydraulic and pipe connection type identification", "type": "lookup", "verified": true}
{"asset": "industrial-cross-reference-bearings-seals-fittings", "body": "**Connection type:** JIS 30\u00b0 Male Inverted Seat\n\n**Governing standard:** JIS B 0202\n\n**Region of origin:** Japanese Connections\n\n**Thread type (tapered or parallel):** parallel pipe threads\n\n**Seat or flare angle:** 30\u00b0\n\n**Seal method:** JIS 30\u00b0 Male Inverted Seat connections are parallel pipe threads per JIS B 0202.\n\n**Interchangeability notes:** JIS parallel connections are comparable to BSPP connections. JIS parallel thread connections are interchangeable with BSPP connections.\n\n> JIS 30\u00b0 Male Inverted Seat connections are parallel pipe threads per JIS B 0202. JIS parallel connections are comparable to BSPP connections. JIS parallel thread connections are interchangeable with BSPP connections.\n\nSource: \n", "connection_type": "JIS 30\u00b0 Male Inverted Seat", "file": "jis-30-male-inverted-seat.md", "generated": true, "governing_standard": "JIS B 0202", "harvested": "2026-08-13", "id": "jis-30-male-inverted-seat", "interchangeability_notes": "JIS parallel connections are comparable to BSPP connections. JIS parallel thread connections are interchangeable with BSPP connections.", "region": "Japanese Connections", "seal_method": "JIS 30\u00b0 Male Inverted Seat connections are parallel pipe threads per JIS B 0202.", "seat_angle": "30\u00b0", "source_quote": "JIS 30\u00b0 Male Inverted Seat connections are parallel pipe threads per JIS B 0202. JIS parallel connections are comparable to BSPP connections. JIS parallel thread connections are interchangeable with BSPP connections.", "sources": ["https://brennaninc.com/connection-types/"], "stale_after": "2028-08-12", "thread_type": "parallel pipe threads", "title": "JIS 30\u00b0 Male Inverted Seat \u2014 Hydraulic and pipe connection type identification", "type": "lookup", "verified": true}
{"asset": "industrial-cross-reference-bearings-seals-fittings", "body": "**Connection type:** JIS B 8363 4-Bolt Flange\n\n**Governing standard:** JIS B 8363\n\n**Region of origin:** Japanese Connections\n\n**Thread type (tapered or parallel):** flange bolts\n\n**Seat or flare angle:** flat surface\n\n**Seal method:** The male connector has a flanged head with a groove for seating an O-ring and either a captive flange or split flange with bolt holes to correspond to the port. The seal is made where the O-ring is compressed between the flanged head and the flat surface of the port. The connection is held by threaded bolts.\n\n**Interchangeability notes:** Excluding bolt sizes, SAE J518, JIS B 8363, ISO/DIS 6162 and DIN 20066 are interchangeable.\n\n> JIS B 8363 4-Bolt Flange connections are frequently used in fluid power systems. There are two pressure ratings for JIS B 8363 4-Bolt Flange fittings: Type I Code 61 is the standard series 4-Bolt Flange Type II Code 62 is the 6000 PSI series Each design concept is the same, yet the flanged head diameters and bolt hole spacing are larger for the Type II 6000 PSI connection. Metric and inch bolts are each used with these connectors. The male connector has a flanged head with a groove for seating an O-ring and either a captive flange or split flange with bolt holes to correspond to the port. The female port of the fitting is a smooth, un-threaded port with four bolt holes set in a rectangular pattern in around the port. The seal is made where the O-ring is compressed between the flanged head and the flat surface of the port. The connection is held by threaded bolts.\n\nSource: \n", "connection_type": "JIS B 8363 4-Bolt Flange", "file": "jis-b-8363-4-bolt-flange.md", "generated": true, "governing_standard": "JIS B 8363", "harvested": "2026-08-13", "id": "jis-b-8363-4-bolt-flange", "interchangeability_notes": "Excluding bolt sizes, SAE J518, JIS B 8363, ISO/DIS 6162 and DIN 20066 are interchangeable.", "region": "Japanese Connections", "seal_method": "The male connector has a flanged head with a groove for seating an O-ring and either a captive flange or split flange with bolt holes to correspond to the port. The seal is made where the O-ring is compressed between the flanged head and the flat surface of the port. The connection is held by threaded bolts.", "seat_angle": "flat surface", "source_quote": "JIS B 8363 4-Bolt Flange connections are frequently used in fluid power systems. There are two pressure ratings for JIS B 8363 4-Bolt Flange fittings: Type I Code 61 is the standard series 4-Bolt Flange Type II Code 62 is the 6000 PSI series Each design concept is the same, yet the flanged head diameters and bolt hole spacing are larger for the Type II 6000 PSI connection. Metric and inch bolts are each used with these connectors. The male connector has a flanged head with a groove for seating an O-ring and either a captive flange or split flange with bolt holes to correspond to the port. The female port of the fitting is a smooth, un-threaded port with four bolt holes set in a rectangular pattern in around the port. The seal is made where the O-ring is compressed between the flanged head and the flat surface of the port. The connection is held by threaded bolts.", "sources": ["https://brennaninc.com/connection-types/"], "stale_after": "2028-08-12", "thread_type": "flange bolts", "title": "JIS B 8363 4-Bolt Flange \u2014 Hydraulic and pipe connection type identification", "type": "lookup", "unverified_fields": "interchangeability_notes, thread_type", "verified": true}
{"asset": "industrial-cross-reference-bearings-seals-fittings", "body": "**Connection type:** JIS Tapered Pipe (PT)\n\n**Governing standard:** JIS B 0203\n\n**Region of origin:** Japanese Connections\n\n**Thread type (tapered or parallel):** tapered\n\n**Seal method:** JIS Tapered Pipe (PT) has metric threads per JIS B 0203. These are JIS tapered threads and are comparable to the design of BSPT connections in their dimensions and appearance.\n\n**Interchangeability notes:** JIS tapered thread connections are interchangeable with BSPT connections.\n\n> JIS Tapered Pipe (PT) has metric threads per JIS B 0203. These are JIS tapered threads and are comparable to the design of BSPT connections in their dimensions and appearance. JIS tapered thread connections are interchangeable with BSPT connections.\n\nSource: \n", "connection_type": "JIS Tapered Pipe (PT)", "file": "jis-tapered-pipe-pt.md", "generated": true, "governing_standard": "JIS B 0203", "harvested": "2026-08-13", "id": "jis-tapered-pipe-pt", "interchangeability_notes": "JIS tapered thread connections are interchangeable with BSPT connections.", "region": "Japanese Connections", "seal_method": "JIS Tapered Pipe (PT) has metric threads per JIS B 0203. These are JIS tapered threads and are comparable to the design of BSPT connections in their dimensions and appearance.", "source_quote": "JIS Tapered Pipe (PT) has metric threads per JIS B 0203. These are JIS tapered threads and are comparable to the design of BSPT connections in their dimensions and appearance. JIS tapered thread connections are interchangeable with BSPT connections.", "sources": ["https://brennaninc.com/connection-types/"], "stale_after": "2028-08-12", "thread_type": "tapered", "title": "JIS Tapered Pipe (PT) \u2014 Hydraulic and pipe connection type identification", "type": "lookup", "verified": true}
{"asset": "industrial-cross-reference-bearings-seals-fittings", "body": "**Connection type:** NPT\n\n**Governing standard:** NPT\n\n**Region of origin:** American Connections\n\n**Thread type (tapered or parallel):** tapered\n\n**Seal method:** NPT is a U.S. standard for tapered threads used on pipes and fittings. They are used to effectively seal pipes for fluid and gas transfer.\n\n> NPT (National Pipe Tapered) -style pipe threads have been widely used for over 100 years. NPT is a U.S. standard for tapered threads used on pipes and fittings. They are used to effectively seal pipes for fluid and gas transfer. The nominal pipe size can be identified by physically measuring the thread diameter, then subtracting 1/4\".\n\nSource: \n", "connection_type": "NPT", "file": "npt.md", "generated": true, "governing_standard": "NPT", "harvested": "2026-08-13", "id": "npt", "region": "American Connections", "seal_method": "NPT is a U.S. standard for tapered threads used on pipes and fittings. They are used to effectively seal pipes for fluid and gas transfer.", "source_quote": "NPT (National Pipe Tapered) -style pipe threads have been widely used for over 100 years. NPT is a U.S. standard for tapered threads used on pipes and fittings. They are used to effectively seal pipes for fluid and gas transfer. The nominal pipe size can be identified by physically measuring the thread diameter, then subtracting 1/4\".", "sources": ["https://brennaninc.com/connection-types/"], "stale_after": "2028-08-12", "thread_type": "tapered", "title": "NPT \u2014 Hydraulic and pipe connection type identification", "type": "lookup", "verified": true}
{"asset": "industrial-cross-reference-bearings-seals-fittings", "body": "**Connection type:** NPTF\n\n**Governing standard:** NPTF\n\n**Region of origin:** American Connections\n\n**Thread type (tapered or parallel):** tapered thread\n\n**Seal method:** They have a tapered thread by which a seal is made by deformation of the threads.\n\n> NPTF (National Pipe Tapered Fuel) -style connections are widely used in fluid power systems. They have a tapered thread by which a seal is made by deformation of the threads. NPTF Threads are measured at the thread diameter and subtracting 1/4-inch to establish the nominal pipe size.\n\nSource: \n", "connection_type": "NPTF", "file": "nptf.md", "generated": true, "governing_standard": "NPTF", "harvested": "2026-08-13", "id": "nptf", "region": "American Connections", "seal_method": "They have a tapered thread by which a seal is made by deformation of the threads.", "source_quote": "NPTF (National Pipe Tapered Fuel) -style connections are widely used in fluid power systems. They have a tapered thread by which a seal is made by deformation of the threads. NPTF Threads are measured at the thread diameter and subtracting 1/4-inch to establish the nominal pipe size.", "sources": ["https://brennaninc.com/connection-types/"], "stale_after": "2028-08-12", "thread_type": "tapered thread", "title": "NPTF \u2014 Hydraulic and pipe connection type identification", "type": "lookup", "verified": true}
{"asset": "industrial-cross-reference-bearings-seals-fittings", "body": "**Connection type:** SAE J1453 (ORFS)\n\n**Governing standard:** SAE J1453\n\n**Region of origin:** American Connections\n\n**Thread type (tapered or parallel):** straight thread\n\n**Seat or flare angle:** flat face\n\n**Seal method:** The male connector has a straight thread and an O-ring in the face. The female has a straight thread and a machined flat face. The seal takes place by compressing the O-ring onto the flat face of the female, similar to the split flange type fitting.\n\n> SAE J1453 (ORFS) O-ring Face Seal connections are considered the best for leak control. The male connector has a straight thread and an O-ring in the face. The female has a straight thread and a machined flat face. The seal takes place by compressing the O-ring onto the flat face of the female, similar to the split flange type fitting. The threads maintain the connection mechanically.\n\nSource: \n", "connection_type": "SAE J1453 (ORFS)", "file": "sae-j1453-orfs.md", "generated": true, "governing_standard": "SAE J1453", "harvested": "2026-08-13", "id": "sae-j1453-orfs", "region": "American Connections", "seal_method": "The male connector has a straight thread and an O-ring in the face. The female has a straight thread and a machined flat face. The seal takes place by compressing the O-ring onto the flat face of the female, similar to the split flange type fitting.", "seat_angle": "flat face", "source_quote": "SAE J1453 (ORFS) O-ring Face Seal connections are considered the best for leak control. The male connector has a straight thread and an O-ring in the face. The female has a straight thread and a machined flat face. The seal takes place by compressing the O-ring onto the flat face of the female, similar to the split flange type fitting. The threads maintain the connection mechanically.", "sources": ["https://brennaninc.com/connection-types/"], "stale_after": "2028-08-12", "thread_type": "straight thread", "title": "SAE J1453 (ORFS) \u2014 Hydraulic and pipe connection type identification", "type": "lookup", "verified": true}
{"asset": "industrial-cross-reference-bearings-seals-fittings", "body": "**Connection type:** SAE J1926 Straight Thread O-Ring Boss (ORB)\n\n**Governing standard:** SAE J1926\n\n**Region of origin:** American Connections\n\n**Thread type (tapered or parallel):** straight thread\n\n**Seat or flare angle:** flat surface\n\n**Seal method:** The male connection is a straight thread with an O-ring. The female port has a straight thread and a machined surface to provide a smooth, flat surface (minimum spotface), along with a chamfer where the O-ring seats. It seals when the O-ring is compressed into the chamfer when mating the male connection.\n\n> SAE J1926 Straight Thread O-Ring Boss (ORB) is recommended by the National Fire Protection Association (N.F.P.A.) for leak prevention in medium and high pressure hydraulic systems. The male connection is a straight thread with an O-ring. The female port has a straight thread and a machined surface to provide a smooth, flat surface (minimum spotface), along with a chamfer where the O-ring seats. It seals when the O-ring is compressed into the chamfer when mating the male connection. This is also considered a mechanical connection.\n\nSource: \n", "connection_type": "SAE J1926 Straight Thread O-Ring Boss (ORB)", "file": "sae-j1926-straight-thread-o-ring-boss-orb.md", "generated": true, "governing_standard": "SAE J1926", "harvested": "2026-08-13", "id": "sae-j1926-straight-thread-o-ring-boss-orb", "region": "American Connections", "seal_method": "The male connection is a straight thread with an O-ring. The female port has a straight thread and a machined surface to provide a smooth, flat surface (minimum spotface), along with a chamfer where the O-ring seats. It seals when the O-ring is compressed into the chamfer when mating the male connection.", "seat_angle": "flat surface", "source_quote": "SAE J1926 Straight Thread O-Ring Boss (ORB) is recommended by the National Fire Protection Association (N.F.P.A.) for leak prevention in medium and high pressure hydraulic systems. The male connection is a straight thread with an O-ring. The female port has a straight thread and a machined surface to provide a smooth, flat surface (minimum spotface), along with a chamfer where the O-ring seats. It seals when the O-ring is compressed into the chamfer when mating the male connection. This is also considered a mechanical connection.", "sources": ["https://brennaninc.com/connection-types/"], "stale_after": "2028-08-12", "thread_type": "straight thread", "title": "SAE J1926 Straight Thread O-Ring Boss (ORB) \u2014 Hydraulic and pipe connection type identification", "type": "lookup", "verified": true}
{"asset": "industrial-cross-reference-bearings-seals-fittings", "body": "**Connection type:** SAE J512 45\u00b0\n\n**Governing standard:** SAE J512\n\n**Region of origin:** American Connections\n\n**Thread type (tapered or parallel):** straight thread\n\n**Seat or flare angle:** 45\u00b0\n\n**Seal method:** The male and female connections have 45\u00b0 seats, where the seal is make where the male flare and the female cone meet.\n\n**Interchangeability notes:** dash sizes: -02, -03, -04, -05, -08, and -10 of SAE 37\u00b0 and SAE 45\u00b0 have the same threads, but NOT the same seat angles. Intermixing the two different types of fittings will result in leakage\n\n> SAE J512 45\u00b0 connections are used in automotive, refrigeration and truck pipe systems. These connectors are typically brass material. The male and female connections have 45\u00b0 seats, where the seal is make where the male flare and the female cone meet. This is a mechanical connection also.\n\nSource: \n", "connection_type": "SAE J512 45\u00b0", "file": "sae-j512-45.md", "generated": true, "governing_standard": "SAE J512", "harvested": "2026-08-13", "id": "sae-j512-45", "interchangeability_notes": "dash sizes: -02, -03, -04, -05, -08, and -10 of SAE 37\u00b0 and SAE 45\u00b0 have the same threads, but NOT the same seat angles. Intermixing the two different types of fittings will result in leakage", "region": "American Connections", "seal_method": "The male and female connections have 45\u00b0 seats, where the seal is make where the male flare and the female cone meet.", "seat_angle": "45\u00b0", "source_quote": "SAE J512 45\u00b0 connections are used in automotive, refrigeration and truck pipe systems. These connectors are typically brass material. The male and female connections have 45\u00b0 seats, where the seal is make where the male flare and the female cone meet. This is a mechanical connection also.", "sources": ["https://brennaninc.com/connection-types/"], "stale_after": "2028-08-12", "thread_type": "straight thread", "title": "SAE J512 45\u00b0 \u2014 Hydraulic and pipe connection type identification", "type": "lookup", "unverified_fields": "interchangeability_notes, thread_type", "verified": true}
{"asset": "industrial-cross-reference-bearings-seals-fittings", "body": "**Connection type:** SAE J512 Inverted\n\n**Governing standard:** SAE J512\n\n**Region of origin:** American Connections\n\n**Thread type (tapered or parallel):** straight thread\n\n**Seat or flare angle:** 45\u00b0 flare\n\n**Seal method:** The male connector is either a 45\u00b0 flare within the tube fitting or a 42\u00b0 seat in the machined adapter. The female incorporates a straight thread with a 42\u00b0 inverted flare. The fittings are sealed at the flared surfaces.\n\n> SAE J512 inverted connections are typically used in automotive systems. The male connector is either a 45\u00b0 flare within the tube fitting or a 42\u00b0 seat in the machined adapter. The female incorporates a straight thread with a 42\u00b0 inverted flare. The fittings are sealed at the flared surfaces. These threads also maintain a mechanical connection.\n\nSource: \n", "connection_type": "SAE J512 Inverted", "file": "sae-j512-inverted.md", "generated": true, "governing_standard": "SAE J512", "harvested": "2026-08-13", "id": "sae-j512-inverted", "region": "American Connections", "seal_method": "The male connector is either a 45\u00b0 flare within the tube fitting or a 42\u00b0 seat in the machined adapter. The female incorporates a straight thread with a 42\u00b0 inverted flare. The fittings are sealed at the flared surfaces.", "seat_angle": "45\u00b0 flare", "source_quote": "SAE J512 inverted connections are typically used in automotive systems. The male connector is either a 45\u00b0 flare within the tube fitting or a 42\u00b0 seat in the machined adapter. The female incorporates a straight thread with a 42\u00b0 inverted flare. The fittings are sealed at the flared surfaces. These threads also maintain a mechanical connection.", "sources": ["https://brennaninc.com/connection-types/"], "stale_after": "2028-08-12", "thread_type": "straight thread", "title": "SAE J512 Inverted \u2014 Hydraulic and pipe connection type identification", "type": "lookup", "verified": true}
{"asset": "industrial-cross-reference-bearings-seals-fittings", "body": "**Connection type:** SAE J514 JIC/37\u00b0\n\n**Governing standard:** SAE J514\n\n**Region of origin:** American Connections\n\n**Thread type (tapered or parallel):** straight thread\n\n**Seat or flare angle:** 37\u00b0\n\n**Seal method:** Both male and female components have 37\u00b0 seats. The seal is made by establishing contact between the male flared and female coned seat.\n\n**Interchangeability notes:** dash sizes: -02, -03, -04, -05, -08, and -10 of SAE 37\u00b0 and SAE 45\u00b0 have the same threads, but NOT the same seat angles. Intermixing the two different types of fittings will result in leakage\n\n> SAE J514 JIC/37\u00b0 hydraulic connections are common in most fluid power systems. Both male and female components have 37\u00b0 seats. The seal is made by establishing contact between the male flared and female coned seat. This is also considered a mechanical connection.\n\nSource: \n", "connection_type": "SAE J514 JIC/37\u00b0", "file": "sae-j514-jic-37.md", "generated": true, "governing_standard": "SAE J514", "harvested": "2026-08-13", "id": "sae-j514-jic-37", "interchangeability_notes": "dash sizes: -02, -03, -04, -05, -08, and -10 of SAE 37\u00b0 and SAE 45\u00b0 have the same threads, but NOT the same seat angles. Intermixing the two different types of fittings will result in leakage", "region": "American Connections", "seal_method": "Both male and female components have 37\u00b0 seats. The seal is made by establishing contact between the male flared and female coned seat.", "seat_angle": "37\u00b0", "source_quote": "SAE J514 JIC/37\u00b0 hydraulic connections are common in most fluid power systems. Both male and female components have 37\u00b0 seats. The seal is made by establishing contact between the male flared and female coned seat. This is also considered a mechanical connection.", "sources": ["https://brennaninc.com/connection-types/"], "stale_after": "2028-08-12", "thread_type": "straight thread", "title": "SAE J514 JIC/37\u00b0 \u2014 Hydraulic and pipe connection type identification", "type": "lookup", "unverified_fields": "interchangeability_notes, thread_type", "verified": true}
{"asset": "industrial-cross-reference-bearings-seals-fittings", "body": "**Connection type:** SAE J518 4-Bolt Flange\n\n**Governing standard:** SAE J518\n\n**Region of origin:** American Connections\n\n**Thread type (tapered or parallel):** flange bolts\n\n**Seat or flare angle:** flat surface\n\n**Seal method:** The male is a flanged head with a groove for an O-ring and either split or captive flange halves and bolt holes which match the port. The seal is made where the O-ring is compressed between the flanged head and the flat surface of the port. The connection is held by threaded bolts.\n\n**Interchangeability notes:** Excluding bolt sizes, SAE J518, JIS B 8363, ISO/DIS 6162 and DIN 20066 are interchangeable.\n\n> SAE J518 4-Bolt Flange* There are two pressure ratings for these connections: Code 61 which is considered the standard series and Code 62 which is the 6000 PSI series. The design is the same for each series, yet the flange head diameters and bolt hole spacing are larger for the 6000 PSI high pressure Code 62 connection. The female port of the fitting is a smooth, un-threaded port with four bolt holes set in a rectangular pattern around the port. The male is a flanged head with a groove for an O-ring and either split or captive flange halves and bolt holes which match the port. The seal is made where the O-ring is compressed between the flanged head and the flat surface of the port. The connection is held by threaded bolts.\n\nSource: \n", "connection_type": "SAE J518 4-Bolt Flange", "file": "sae-j518-4-bolt-flange.md", "generated": true, "governing_standard": "SAE J518", "harvested": "2026-08-13", "id": "sae-j518-4-bolt-flange", "interchangeability_notes": "Excluding bolt sizes, SAE J518, JIS B 8363, ISO/DIS 6162 and DIN 20066 are interchangeable.", "region": "American Connections", "seal_method": "The male is a flanged head with a groove for an O-ring and either split or captive flange halves and bolt holes which match the port. The seal is made where the O-ring is compressed between the flanged head and the flat surface of the port. The connection is held by threaded bolts.", "seat_angle": "flat surface", "source_quote": "SAE J518 4-Bolt Flange* There are two pressure ratings for these connections: Code 61 which is considered the standard series and Code 62 which is the 6000 PSI series. The design is the same for each series, yet the flange head diameters and bolt hole spacing are larger for the 6000 PSI high pressure Code 62 connection. The female port of the fitting is a smooth, un-threaded port with four bolt holes set in a rectangular pattern around the port. The male is a flanged head with a groove for an O-ring and either split or captive flange halves and bolt holes which match the port. The seal is made where the O-ring is compressed between the flanged head and the flat surface of the port. The connection is held by threaded bolts.", "sources": ["https://brennaninc.com/connection-types/"], "stale_after": "2028-08-12", "thread_type": "flange bolts", "title": "SAE J518 4-Bolt Flange \u2014 Hydraulic and pipe connection type identification", "type": "lookup", "unverified_fields": "interchangeability_notes, region, thread_type", "verified": true}