{
  "name": "Food color additive cross-reference: US FD&C designation vs EU E-number, with regulatory status comparison",
  "description": "Cross-reference between US and EU food color additive systems. Each record is one color additive with its FD&C designation (US), E-number (EU), chemical/CI name, CAS number, US regulatory status (approved/banned, permitted uses by application category), EU regulatory status (permitted/banned, Group classification, maximum levels by food category), and key differences. Answers 'is Red 40 banned in Europe?' (no \u2014 E129, permitted with warning label), 'what is the EU maximum level of Allura Red in soft drinks?' (Group III combined 100 mg/L), 'which US food colors have no EU equivalent?' (FD&C Green No. 3), 'is titanium dioxide allowed in food in the EU?' (no \u2014 E171 banned Aug 2022), and 'what are the Southampton six dyes and what warning do they require?'",
  "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/",
  "licence": "US federal regulations are government works, public domain. EU regulations as retained in UK law are published under Crown copyright with Open Government Licence. Facts (regulatory status, maximum levels) are not copyrightable in either jurisdiction.",
  "last_verified": "2026-08-10",
  "stale_after": "2027-08-10",
  "sources": [
    "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
    "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-74"
  ],
  "records": [
    {
      "color_additive": "Allura red AC",
      "e_number": "E 129",
      "eu_food_status": "Food colours with combined maximum limit",
      "eu_group": "Group III",
      "id": "allura-red-ac",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/allura-red-ac/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "Group III: Food colours with combined maximum limit E-number | Name | E 100 | Curcumin | E 102 | Tartrazine | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32012R0232> \u25bcM6 \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014 | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32018R1472> \u25bcM81 | E 120 | Carminic acid, Carmine | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32011R1129> \u25bcM2 | E 122 | Azorubine, Carmoisine | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32012R0232> \u25bcM6 \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014 | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32011R1129> \u25bcM2 | E 129 | Allura red AC",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status",
        "eu_group"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Aluminium",
      "e_number": "E 173",
      "eu_food_status": "only external coating of sugar confectionery for the decoration of cakes and pastries",
      "id": "aluminium",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/aluminium/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "E 173 | Aluminium | quantum satis | | only external coating of sugar confectionery for the decoration of cakes and pastries |",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Amaranth",
      "e_number": "E 123",
      "eu_food_status": "only wine-based aperitif",
      "id": "amaranth",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/amaranth/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "E 123 | Amaranth | 30 | | only wine-based aperitif",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Ammonia caramel",
      "e_number": "E 150c",
      "eu_food_status": "authorised at quantum satis",
      "eu_group": "Group II",
      "id": "ammonia-caramel",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/ammonia-caramel/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "Group II: Food colours authorised at quantum satis E-number | Name | E 101 | Riboflavins | E 140 | Chlorophylls, Chlorophyllins | E 141 | Copper complexes of chlorophylls and chlorophyllins | E 150a | Plain caramel | E 150b | Caustic sulphite caramel | E 150c | Ammonia caramel",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status",
        "eu_group"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Annatto bixin",
      "e_number": "E 160b(i)",
      "eu_food_status": "only ripened orange, yellow and broken-white cheese and red and green pesto cheese",
      "id": "annatto-bixin",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/annatto-bixin/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "E 160b(i) | Annatto bixin | 15 | (94) | only ripened orange, yellow and broken-white cheese and red and green pesto cheese",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Annatto norbixin",
      "e_number": "E 160b(ii)",
      "eu_food_status": "only ripened orange, yellow and broken-white cheese and red and green pesto cheese",
      "id": "annatto-norbixin",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/annatto-norbixin/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "E 160b(ii) | Annatto norbixin | 15 | (94) | only ripened orange, yellow and broken-white cheese and red and green pesto cheese",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Anthocyanins",
      "e_number": "E 163",
      "eu_food_status": "authorised at quantum satis",
      "eu_group": "Group II",
      "id": "anthocyanins",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/anthocyanins/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "Group II: Food colours authorised at quantum satis E-number | Name | E 101 | Riboflavins | E 140 | Chlorophylls, Chlorophyllins | E 141 | Copper complexes of chlorophylls and chlorophyllins | E 150a | Plain caramel | E 150b | Caustic sulphite caramel | E 150c | Ammonia caramel | E 150d | Sulphite ammonia caramel | E 153 | Vegetable carbon | E 160a | Carotenes | E 160c | Paprika extract, capsanthin, capsorubin | E 162 | Beetroot Red, betanin | E 163 | Anthocyanins",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status",
        "eu_group"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Azorubine, Carmoisine",
      "e_number": "E 122",
      "eu_food_status": "Food colours with combined maximum limit",
      "eu_group": "Group III",
      "id": "azorubine-carmoisine",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/azorubine-carmoisine/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "Group III: Food colours with combined maximum limit E-number | Name | E 100 | Curcumin | E 102 | Tartrazine | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32012R0232> \u25bcM6 \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014 | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32018R1472> \u25bcM81 | E 120 | Carminic acid, Carmine | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32011R1129> \u25bcM2 | E 122 | Azorubine, Carmoisine",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status",
        "eu_group"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Beetroot Red, betanin",
      "e_number": "E 162",
      "eu_food_status": "authorised at quantum satis",
      "eu_group": "Group II",
      "id": "beetroot-red-betanin",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/beetroot-red-betanin/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "Group II: Food colours authorised at quantum satis E-number | Name | E 101 | Riboflavins | E 140 | Chlorophylls, Chlorophyllins | E 141 | Copper complexes of chlorophylls and chlorophyllins | E 150a | Plain caramel | E 150b | Caustic sulphite caramel | E 150c | Ammonia caramel | E 150d | Sulphite ammonia caramel | E 153 | Vegetable carbon | E 160a | Carotenes | E 160c | Paprika extract, capsanthin, capsorubin | E 162 | Beetroot Red, betanin",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status",
        "eu_group"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Beta-apo-8\u2032-carotenal (C 30)",
      "e_number": "E 160e",
      "eu_food_status": "Food colours with combined maximum limit",
      "eu_group": "Group III",
      "id": "beta-apo-8-carotenal-c-30",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/beta-apo-8-carotenal-c-30/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "Group III: Food colours with combined maximum limit E-number | Name | E 100 | Curcumin | E 102 | Tartrazine | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32012R0232> \u25bcM6 \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014 | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32018R1472> \u25bcM81 | E 120 | Carminic acid, Carmine | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32011R1129> \u25bcM2 | E 122 | Azorubine, Carmoisine | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32012R0232> \u25bcM6 \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014 | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32011R1129> \u25bcM2 | E 129 | Allura red AC | E 131 | Patent Blue V | E 132 | Indigotine, Indigo carmine | E 133 | Brilliant Blue FCF | E 142 | Green S | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32013R1274> \u25bcM35 | E 151 | Brilliant Black PN | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32011R1129> \u25bcM2 | E 155 | Brown HT | E 160e | Beta-apo-8\u2032-carotenal (C 30)",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status",
        "eu_group"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Brilliant Black PN",
      "e_number": "E 151",
      "eu_food_status": "Food colours with combined maximum limit",
      "eu_group": "Group III",
      "id": "brilliant-black-pn",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/brilliant-black-pn/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "Group III: Food colours with combined maximum limit E-number | Name | E 100 | Curcumin | E 102 | Tartrazine | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32012R0232> \u25bcM6 \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014 | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32018R1472> \u25bcM81 | E 120 | Carminic acid, Carmine | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32011R1129> \u25bcM2 | E 122 | Azorubine, Carmoisine | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32012R0232> \u25bcM6 \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014 | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32011R1129> \u25bcM2 | E 129 | Allura red AC | E 131 | Patent Blue V | E 132 | Indigotine, Indigo carmine | E 133 | Brilliant Blue FCF | E 142 | Green S | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32013R1274> \u25bcM35 | E 151 | Brilliant Black PN",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status",
        "eu_group"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Brilliant Blue FCF",
      "e_number": "E 133",
      "eu_food_status": "Food colours with combined maximum limit",
      "eu_group": "Group III",
      "id": "brilliant-blue-fcf",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/brilliant-blue-fcf/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "Group III: Food colours with combined maximum limit E-number | Name | E 100 | Curcumin | E 102 | Tartrazine | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32012R0232> \u25bcM6 \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014 | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32018R1472> \u25bcM81 | E 120 | Carminic acid, Carmine | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32011R1129> \u25bcM2 | E 122 | Azorubine, Carmoisine | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32012R0232> \u25bcM6 \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014 | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32011R1129> \u25bcM2 | E 129 | Allura red AC | E 131 | Patent Blue V | E 132 | Indigotine, Indigo carmine | E 133 | Brilliant Blue FCF",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status",
        "eu_group"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Brown HT",
      "e_number": "E 155",
      "eu_food_status": "Food colours with combined maximum limit",
      "eu_group": "Group III",
      "id": "brown-ht",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/brown-ht/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "Group III: Food colours with combined maximum limit E-number | Name | E 100 | Curcumin | E 102 | Tartrazine | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32012R0232> \u25bcM6 \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014 | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32018R1472> \u25bcM81 | E 120 | Carminic acid, Carmine | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32011R1129> \u25bcM2 | E 122 | Azorubine, Carmoisine | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32012R0232> \u25bcM6 \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014 | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32011R1129> \u25bcM2 | E 129 | Allura red AC | E 131 | Patent Blue V | E 132 | Indigotine, Indigo carmine | E 133 | Brilliant Blue FCF | E 142 | Green S | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32013R1274> \u25bcM35 | E 151 | Brilliant Black PN | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32011R1129> \u25bcM2 | E 155 | Brown HT",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status",
        "eu_group"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "calcium carbonate",
      "e_number": "E 170",
      "eu_food_status": "authorised at quantum satis",
      "eu_group": "Group II",
      "id": "calcium-carbonate",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/calcium-carbonate/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "Group II: Food colours authorised at quantum satis E-number | Name | E 101 | Riboflavins | E 140 | Chlorophylls, Chlorophyllins | E 141 | Copper complexes of chlorophylls and chlorophyllins | E 150a | Plain caramel | E 150b | Caustic sulphite caramel | E 150c | Ammonia caramel | E 150d | Sulphite ammonia caramel | E 153 | Vegetable carbon | E 160a | Carotenes | E 160c | Paprika extract, capsanthin, capsorubin | E 162 | Beetroot Red, betanin | E 163 | Anthocyanins | E 170 | calcium carbonate",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status",
        "eu_group"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Canthaxanthin",
      "e_number": "E 161g",
      "eu_food_status": "not authorised in the food categories listed in Part D and E",
      "id": "canthaxanthin",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/canthaxanthin/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "E 161g | Canthaxanthin ( *1 ) | E 162 | Beetroot Red, betanin | E 163 | Anthocyanins | E 170 | Calcium carbonate | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32022R0063> \u25bcM98 | E 171 | Titanium dioxide ( *2 ) | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32011R1129> \u25bcM2 | E 172 | Iron oxides and hydroxides | E 173 | Aluminium | E 174 | Silver | E 175 | Gold | E 180 | Litholrubine BK | ( 1 ) The term caramel relates to products of a more or less intense brown colour which are intended for colouring. It does not correspond to the sugary aromatic product obtained from heating sugars and which is used for flavouring food (e.g. confectionery, pastry, alcoholic drinks). ( *1 ) Canthaxanthin is not authorised in the food categories listed in Part D and E.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Carminic acid, Carmine",
      "e_number": "E 120",
      "eu_food_status": "Food colours with combined maximum limit",
      "eu_group": "Group III",
      "id": "carminic-acid-carmine",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/carminic-acid-carmine/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "Group III: Food colours with combined maximum limit E-number | Name | E 100 | Curcumin | E 102 | Tartrazine | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32012R0232> \u25bcM6 \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014 | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32018R1472> \u25bcM81 | E 120 | Carminic acid, Carmine",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status",
        "eu_group"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Carotenes",
      "e_number": "E 160a",
      "eu_food_status": "authorised at quantum satis",
      "eu_group": "Group II",
      "id": "carotenes",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/carotenes/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "Group II: Food colours authorised at quantum satis E-number | Name | E 101 | Riboflavins | E 140 | Chlorophylls, Chlorophyllins | E 141 | Copper complexes of chlorophylls and chlorophyllins | E 150a | Plain caramel | E 150b | Caustic sulphite caramel | E 150c | Ammonia caramel | E 150d | Sulphite ammonia caramel | E 153 | Vegetable carbon | E 160a | Carotenes",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status",
        "eu_group"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Caustic sulphite caramel",
      "e_number": "E 150b",
      "eu_food_status": "authorised at quantum satis",
      "eu_group": "Group II",
      "id": "caustic-sulphite-caramel",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/caustic-sulphite-caramel/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "Group II: Food colours authorised at quantum satis E-number | Name | E 101 | Riboflavins | E 140 | Chlorophylls, Chlorophyllins | E 141 | Copper complexes of chlorophylls and chlorophyllins | E 150a | Plain caramel | E 150b | Caustic sulphite caramel",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status",
        "eu_group"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Chlorophylls, Chlorophyllins",
      "e_number": "E 140",
      "eu_food_status": "authorised at quantum satis",
      "eu_group": "Group II",
      "id": "chlorophylls-chlorophyllins",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/chlorophylls-chlorophyllins/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "Group II: Food colours authorised at quantum satis E-number | Name | E 101 | Riboflavins | E 140 | Chlorophylls, Chlorophyllins",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status",
        "eu_group"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Citrus Red No. 2",
      "fdc_designation": "Citrus Red No. 2",
      "us_food_status": "shall be used only for coloring the skins of oranges that are not intended or used for processing",
      "id": "citrus-red-no-2",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/citrus-red-no-2/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-74",
      "source_quote": "Citrus Red No. 2 shall be used only for coloring the skins of oranges that are not intended or used for processing (or if so used are designated in the trade as Packinghouse elimination ) and that meet minimum maturity standards established by or under the laws of the States in which the oranges are grown.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "fdc_designation",
        "us_food_status"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Copper complexes of chlorophylls and chlorophyllins",
      "e_number": "E 141",
      "eu_food_status": "authorised at quantum satis",
      "eu_group": "Group II",
      "id": "copper-complexes-of-chlorophylls-and-chlorophyllins",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/copper-complexes-of-chlorophylls-and-chlorophyllins/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "Group II: Food colours authorised at quantum satis E-number | Name | E 101 | Riboflavins | E 140 | Chlorophylls, Chlorophyllins | E 141 | Copper complexes of chlorophylls and chlorophyllins",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status",
        "eu_group"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Curcumin",
      "e_number": "E 100",
      "eu_food_status": "Food colours with combined maximum limit",
      "eu_group": "Group III",
      "id": "curcumin",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/curcumin/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "Group III: Food colours with combined maximum limit E-number | Name | E 100 | Curcumin",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status",
        "eu_group"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Erythrosine",
      "e_number": "E 127",
      "eu_food_status": "only cocktail cherries and candied cherries",
      "id": "erythrosine",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/erythrosine/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "E 127 | Erythrosine | 200 | | only cocktail cherries and candied cherries",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "FD&C Blue No. 1",
      "fdc_designation": "FD&C Blue No. 1",
      "us_food_status": "may be safely used for coloring foods (including dietary supplements) generally in amounts consistent with good manufacturing practice",
      "id": "fd-c-blue-no-1",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/fd-c-blue-no-1/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-74",
      "source_quote": "FD&C Blue No. 1 may be safely used for coloring foods (including dietary supplements) generally in amounts consistent with good manufacturing practice except that it may not be used to color foods for which standards of identity have been promulgated under section 401 of the act unless added color is authorized by such standards.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "fdc_designation",
        "us_food_status"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "FD&C Blue No. 2",
      "fdc_designation": "FD&C Blue No. 2",
      "us_food_status": "may be safely used for coloring foods (including dietary supplements) generally in amounts consistent with current good manufacturing practice",
      "id": "fd-c-blue-no-2",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/fd-c-blue-no-2/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-74",
      "source_quote": "The color additive FD&C Blue No. 2 may be safely used for coloring foods (including dietary supplements) generally in amounts consistent with current good manufacturing practice except that it may not be used to color foods for which standards of identity have been promulgated under section 401 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act unless added color is authorized by such standards.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "fdc_designation",
        "us_food_status"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "FD&C Green No. 3",
      "fdc_designation": "FD&C Green No. 3",
      "us_food_status": "may be safely used for coloring foods (including dietary supplements) generally in amounts consistent with current good manufacturing practice",
      "id": "fd-c-green-no-3",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/fd-c-green-no-3/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-74",
      "source_quote": "The color additive FD&C Green No. 3 may be safely used for coloring foods (including dietary supplements) generally in amounts consistent with current good manufacturing practice except that it may not be used to color foods for which standards of identity have been promulgated under section 401 of the act unless added color is authorized by such standards.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "fdc_designation",
        "us_food_status"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "FD&C Red No. 3",
      "fdc_designation": "FD&C Red No. 3",
      "us_food_status": "may be safely used for coloring foods generally (including dietary supplements) in amounts consistent with good manufacturing practice",
      "id": "fd-c-red-no-3",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/fd-c-red-no-3/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-74",
      "source_quote": "FD&C Red No. 3 may be safely used for coloring foods generally (including dietary supplements) in amounts consistent with good manufacturing practice except that it may not be used to color foods for which standards of identity have been promulgated under section 401 of the act unless added color is authorized by such standards.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "fdc_designation",
        "us_food_status"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "FD&C Red No. 40",
      "fdc_designation": "FD&C Red No. 40",
      "us_food_status": "may be safely used for coloring foods (including dietary supplements) generally in amounts consistent with good manufacturing practice",
      "id": "fd-c-red-no-40",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/fd-c-red-no-40/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-74",
      "source_quote": "FD&C Red No. 40 may be safely used for coloring foods (including dietary supplements) generally in amounts consistent with good manufacturing practice except that it may not be used to color foods for which standards of identity have been promulgated under section 401 of the act unless added color is authorized by such standards.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "fdc_designation",
        "us_food_status"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "FD&C Yellow No. 5",
      "fdc_designation": "FD&C Yellow No. 5",
      "us_food_status": "may be safely used for coloring foods (including dietary supplements) generally in amounts consistent with good manufacturing practice",
      "id": "fd-c-yellow-no-5",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/fd-c-yellow-no-5/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-74",
      "source_quote": "FD&C Yellow No. 5 may be safely used for coloring foods (including dietary supplements) generally in amounts consistent with good manufacturing practice, except that it may not be used to color foods for which standards of identity have been promulgated under section 401 of the act unless added color is authorized by such standards.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "fdc_designation",
        "us_food_status"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "FD&C Yellow No. 6",
      "fdc_designation": "FD&C Yellow No. 6",
      "us_food_status": "may be safely used for coloring foods (including dietary supplements) generally in amounts consistent with current good manufacturing practice",
      "id": "fd-c-yellow-no-6",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/fd-c-yellow-no-6/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-74",
      "source_quote": "The color additive FD&C Yellow No. 6 may be safely used for coloring foods (including dietary supplements) generally in amounts consistent with current good manufacturing practice, except that it may not be used to color foods for which standards of identity have been promulgated under section 401 of the act unless added color is authorized by such standards.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "fdc_designation",
        "us_food_status"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Gold",
      "e_number": "E 175",
      "eu_food_status": "only external coating of confectionery",
      "id": "gold",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/gold/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "E 175 | Gold | quantum satis | | only external coating of confectionery",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Green S",
      "e_number": "E 142",
      "eu_food_status": "Food colours with combined maximum limit",
      "eu_group": "Group III",
      "id": "green-s",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/green-s/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "Group III: Food colours with combined maximum limit E-number | Name | E 100 | Curcumin | E 102 | Tartrazine | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32012R0232> \u25bcM6 \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014 | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32018R1472> \u25bcM81 | E 120 | Carminic acid, Carmine | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32011R1129> \u25bcM2 | E 122 | Azorubine, Carmoisine | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32012R0232> \u25bcM6 \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014 | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32011R1129> \u25bcM2 | E 129 | Allura red AC | E 131 | Patent Blue V | E 132 | Indigotine, Indigo carmine | E 133 | Brilliant Blue FCF | E 142 | Green S",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status",
        "eu_group"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Indigotine, Indigo carmine",
      "e_number": "E 132",
      "eu_food_status": "Food colours with combined maximum limit",
      "eu_group": "Group III",
      "id": "indigotine-indigo-carmine",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/indigotine-indigo-carmine/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "Group III: Food colours with combined maximum limit E-number | Name | E 100 | Curcumin | E 102 | Tartrazine | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32012R0232> \u25bcM6 \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014 | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32018R1472> \u25bcM81 | E 120 | Carminic acid, Carmine | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32011R1129> \u25bcM2 | E 122 | Azorubine, Carmoisine | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32012R0232> \u25bcM6 \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014 | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32011R1129> \u25bcM2 | E 129 | Allura red AC | E 131 | Patent Blue V | E 132 | Indigotine, Indigo carmine",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status",
        "eu_group"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Iron oxides and hydroxides",
      "e_number": "E 172",
      "eu_food_status": "authorised at quantum satis",
      "eu_group": "Group II",
      "id": "iron-oxides-and-hydroxides",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/iron-oxides-and-hydroxides/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "Group II: Food colours authorised at quantum satis E-number | Name | E 101 | Riboflavins | E 140 | Chlorophylls, Chlorophyllins | E 141 | Copper complexes of chlorophylls and chlorophyllins | E 150a | Plain caramel | E 150b | Caustic sulphite caramel | E 150c | Ammonia caramel | E 150d | Sulphite ammonia caramel | E 153 | Vegetable carbon | E 160a | Carotenes | E 160c | Paprika extract, capsanthin, capsorubin | E 162 | Beetroot Red, betanin | E 163 | Anthocyanins | E 170 | calcium carbonate | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32022R0063> \u25bcM98 \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014 | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32011R1129> \u25bcM2 | E 172 | Iron oxides and hydroxides",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status",
        "eu_group"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Litholrubine BK",
      "e_number": "E 180",
      "id": "litholrubine-bk",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/litholrubine-bk/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "E 173 | Aluminium | E 174 | Silver | E 175 | Gold | E 180 | Litholrubine BK",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Lutein",
      "e_number": "E 161b",
      "eu_food_status": "Food colours with combined maximum limit",
      "eu_group": "Group III",
      "id": "lutein",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/lutein/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "Group III: Food colours with combined maximum limit E-number | Name | E 100 | Curcumin | E 102 | Tartrazine | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32012R0232> \u25bcM6 \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014 | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32018R1472> \u25bcM81 | E 120 | Carminic acid, Carmine | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32011R1129> \u25bcM2 | E 122 | Azorubine, Carmoisine | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32012R0232> \u25bcM6 \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014 | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32011R1129> \u25bcM2 | E 129 | Allura red AC | E 131 | Patent Blue V | E 132 | Indigotine, Indigo carmine | E 133 | Brilliant Blue FCF | E 142 | Green S | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32013R1274> \u25bcM35 | E 151 | Brilliant Black PN | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32011R1129> \u25bcM2 | E 155 | Brown HT | E 160e | Beta-apo-8\u2032-carotenal (C 30) | E 161b | Lutein",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status",
        "eu_group"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Lycopene",
      "e_number": "E 160d",
      "eu_food_status": "only flavoured processed cheese",
      "id": "lycopene",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/lycopene/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "E 160d | Lycopene | 5 | | only flavoured processed cheese",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Orange B",
      "fdc_designation": "Orange B",
      "us_food_status": "may be safely used for coloring the casings or surfaces of frankfurters and sausages subject to the restriction that the quantity of the color additive does not exceed 150 parts per million by weight of the finished food",
      "id": "orange-b",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/orange-b/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-74",
      "source_quote": "Orange B may be safely used for coloring the casings or surfaces of frankfurters and sausages subject to the restriction that the quantity of the color additive does not exceed 150 parts per million by weight of the finished food.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "fdc_designation",
        "us_food_status"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Paprika extract, capsanthin, capsorubin",
      "e_number": "E 160c",
      "eu_food_status": "authorised at quantum satis",
      "eu_group": "Group II",
      "id": "paprika-extract-capsanthin-capsorubin",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/paprika-extract-capsanthin-capsorubin/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "Group II: Food colours authorised at quantum satis E-number | Name | E 101 | Riboflavins | E 140 | Chlorophylls, Chlorophyllins | E 141 | Copper complexes of chlorophylls and chlorophyllins | E 150a | Plain caramel | E 150b | Caustic sulphite caramel | E 150c | Ammonia caramel | E 150d | Sulphite ammonia caramel | E 153 | Vegetable carbon | E 160a | Carotenes | E 160c | Paprika extract, capsanthin, capsorubin",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status",
        "eu_group"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Patent Blue V",
      "e_number": "E 131",
      "eu_food_status": "Food colours with combined maximum limit",
      "eu_group": "Group III",
      "id": "patent-blue-v",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/patent-blue-v/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "Group III: Food colours with combined maximum limit E-number | Name | E 100 | Curcumin | E 102 | Tartrazine | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32012R0232> \u25bcM6 \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014 | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32018R1472> \u25bcM81 | E 120 | Carminic acid, Carmine | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32011R1129> \u25bcM2 | E 122 | Azorubine, Carmoisine | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32012R0232> \u25bcM6 \u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014\u2014 | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32011R1129> \u25bcM2 | E 129 | Allura red AC | E 131 | Patent Blue V",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status",
        "eu_group"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Plain caramel",
      "e_number": "E 150a",
      "eu_food_status": "authorised at quantum satis",
      "eu_group": "Group II",
      "id": "plain-caramel",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/plain-caramel/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "Group II: Food colours authorised at quantum satis E-number | Name | E 101 | Riboflavins | E 140 | Chlorophylls, Chlorophyllins | E 141 | Copper complexes of chlorophylls and chlorophyllins | E 150a | Plain caramel",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status",
        "eu_group"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Ponceau 4R, Cochineal Red A",
      "e_number": "E 124",
      "eu_food_status": "only candied fruit and vegetables",
      "id": "ponceau-4r-cochineal-red-a",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/ponceau-4r-cochineal-red-a/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "E 124 | Ponceau 4R, Cochineal Red A | 10 | (61) | only candied fruit and vegetables",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Quinoline Yellow",
      "e_number": "E 104",
      "eu_food_status": "only candied fruit and vegetables",
      "id": "quinoline-yellow",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/quinoline-yellow/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "E 104 | Quinoline Yellow | 30 | (61) | only candied fruit and vegetables",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Riboflavins",
      "e_number": "E 101",
      "eu_food_status": "authorised at quantum satis",
      "eu_group": "Group II",
      "id": "riboflavins",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/riboflavins/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "Group II: Food colours authorised at quantum satis E-number | Name | E 101 | Riboflavins",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status",
        "eu_group"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Silver",
      "e_number": "E 174",
      "eu_food_status": "only external coating of confectionery",
      "id": "silver",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/silver/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "E 174 | Silver | quantum satis | | only external coating of confectionery",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Sulphite ammonia caramel",
      "e_number": "E 150d",
      "eu_food_status": "authorised at quantum satis",
      "eu_group": "Group II",
      "id": "sulphite-ammonia-caramel",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/sulphite-ammonia-caramel/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "Group II: Food colours authorised at quantum satis E-number | Name | E 101 | Riboflavins | E 140 | Chlorophylls, Chlorophyllins | E 141 | Copper complexes of chlorophylls and chlorophyllins | E 150a | Plain caramel | E 150b | Caustic sulphite caramel | E 150c | Ammonia caramel | E 150d | Sulphite ammonia caramel",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status",
        "eu_group"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Sunset Yellow FCF/Orange Yellow S",
      "e_number": "E 110",
      "eu_food_status": "only candied fruit and vegetables",
      "id": "sunset-yellow-fcf-orange-yellow-s",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/sunset-yellow-fcf-orange-yellow-s/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "E 110 | Sunset Yellow FCF/Orange Yellow S | 10 | (61) | only candied fruit and vegetables",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Tartrazine",
      "e_number": "E 102",
      "eu_food_status": "Food colours with combined maximum limit",
      "eu_group": "Group III",
      "id": "tartrazine",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/tartrazine/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "Group III: Food colours with combined maximum limit E-number | Name | E 100 | Curcumin | E 102 | Tartrazine",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status",
        "eu_group"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Titanium dioxide",
      "e_number": "E 171",
      "eu_food_status": "not authorised in the food categories listed in Part D and E",
      "id": "titanium-dioxide",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/titanium-dioxide/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "E 171 | Titanium dioxide ( *2 ) | <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32011R1129> \u25bcM2 | E 172 | Iron oxides and hydroxides | E 173 | Aluminium | E 174 | Silver | E 175 | Gold | E 180 | Litholrubine BK | ( 1 ) The term caramel relates to products of a more or less intense brown colour which are intended for colouring. It does not correspond to the sugary aromatic product obtained from heating sugars and which is used for flavouring food (e.g. confectionery, pastry, alcoholic drinks). ( *1 ) Canthaxanthin is not authorised in the food categories listed in Part D and E. The substance is in list B1 because it is used in medicinal products in accordance with Directive 2009/35/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council (OJ L 109, 30.4.2009, p. 10). <https://web.archive.org/web/20250605215849/https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/AUTO/?uri=celex:32022R0063> \u25baM98 ( *2 ) Titanium dioxide is not authorised in the food categories listed in Part D and E.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status"
      ]
    },
    {
      "color_additive": "Vegetable carbon",
      "e_number": "E 153",
      "eu_food_status": "authorised at quantum satis",
      "eu_group": "Group II",
      "id": "vegetable-carbon",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/food-color-additive-status-us-vs-eu/vegetable-carbon/",
      "source": "https://web.archive.org/web/2025/https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:02008R1333-20241216",
      "source_quote": "Group II: Food colours authorised at quantum satis E-number | Name | E 101 | Riboflavins | E 140 | Chlorophylls, Chlorophyllins | E 141 | Copper complexes of chlorophylls and chlorophyllins | E 150a | Plain caramel | E 150b | Caustic sulphite caramel | E 150c | Ammonia caramel | E 150d | Sulphite ammonia caramel | E 153 | Vegetable carbon",
      "verified_fields": [
        "color_additive",
        "e_number",
        "eu_food_status",
        "eu_group"
      ]
    }
  ]
}