Cross-jurisdictional regulatory status of food additives permitted for direct addition to food. Each record is one additive with its approval status in both the US (FDA, 21 CFR Parts 172–178) and the EU (Regulation 1333/2008, Annex II). Covers whether the substance is permitted, prohibited, or conditionally restricted in each jurisdiction, with the regulatory citation and any concentration limits or use conditions. Answers 'is titanium dioxide allowed in food in the EU' (no, banned since August 2022), 'is potassium bromate permitted in the US' (yes, 21 CFR 172.730), 'which food additives are approved in the US but banned in the EU', and 'what is the E-number for sodium nitrite' (E250). The divergences are the product: BHA, BHT, TBHQ, titanium dioxide, potassium bromate, and azodicarbonamide all have different regulatory status between the US and EU, and an assistant that states one jurisdiction's position as universal is wrong for the other.

US FDA regulations are US Government works, not copyrightable. EUR-Lex content is reusable under Commission Decision 2011/833/EU. Facts are not copyrightable (Feist, 1991); each record quotes a short attributed span and links back.

Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Allura red

**Jurisdiction:** EU (Regulation 1333/2008 Annex II)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** Regulation 1333/2008, Annex V

**E-number:** E 129

**Use conditions:** requires additional labelling: 'name or E number of the colour(s)': may have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children

> Allura red (E 129)

Source: <https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32008R1333>

Allura red — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Carmoisine

**Jurisdiction:** EU (Regulation 1333/2008 Annex II)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** Regulation 1333/2008, Annex V

**E-number:** E 122

**Use conditions:** requires additional labelling: 'name or E number of the colour(s)': may have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children

> Carmoisine (E 122)

Source: <https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32008R1333>

Carmoisine — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Invertase

**Jurisdiction:** EU (Regulation 1333/2008 Annex II)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** Regulation 1333/2008, Article 34

**E-number:** E 1103

> the authorisations for E 1103 Invertase and E 1105 Lysozyme laid down in Directive 95/2/EC shall be repealed with effect from the date of application

Source: <https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32008R1333>

Invertase — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Konjac (E 425)

**Jurisdiction:** EU (Regulation 1333/2008 Annex II)

**Status:** restricted

**Citation:** Regulation 1333/2008, Recital

**E-number:** E 425

**Use conditions:** suspended for use in jelly confectionary

> suspending the placing on the market and import of jelly confectionary containing the food additive E 425 konjac

Source: <https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32008R1333>

Konjac (E 425) — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU

additive_name, regulatory_citation, status, use_conditions


**Additive:** Lysozyme

**Jurisdiction:** EU (Regulation 1333/2008 Annex II)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** Regulation 1333/2008, Article 34

**E-number:** E 1105

> the authorisations for E 1103 Invertase and E 1105 Lysozyme laid down in Directive 95/2/EC shall be repealed with effect from the date of application

Source: <https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32008R1333>

Lysozyme — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Ponceau 4R

**Jurisdiction:** EU (Regulation 1333/2008 Annex II)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** Regulation 1333/2008, Annex V

**E-number:** E 124

**Use conditions:** requires additional labelling: 'name or E number of the colour(s)': may have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children

> Ponceau 4R (E 124)

Source: <https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32008R1333>

Ponceau 4R — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Quinoline yellow

**Jurisdiction:** EU (Regulation 1333/2008 Annex II)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** Regulation 1333/2008, Annex V

**E-number:** E 104

**Use conditions:** requires additional labelling: 'name or E number of the colour(s)': may have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children

> Quinoline yellow (E 104)

Source: <https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32008R1333>

Quinoline yellow — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Sunset yellow

**Jurisdiction:** EU (Regulation 1333/2008 Annex II)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** Regulation 1333/2008, Annex V

**E-number:** E 110

**Use conditions:** requires additional labelling: 'name or E number of the colour(s)': may have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children

> Sunset yellow (E 110)

Source: <https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32008R1333>

Sunset yellow — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Tartrazine

**Jurisdiction:** EU (Regulation 1333/2008 Annex II)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** Regulation 1333/2008, Annex V

**E-number:** E 102

**Use conditions:** requires additional labelling: 'name or E number of the colour(s)': may have an adverse effect on activity and attention in children

> Tartrazine (E 102)

Source: <https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX:32008R1333>

Tartrazine — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** 1,3-Butylene glycol

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.712

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) It is prepared by the aldol condensation of acetaldehyde followed by catalytic hydrogenation.

**CAS No.:** 107-88-0

> § 172.712 1,3-Butylene glycol. The food additive 1,3-butylene glycol (CAS Reg. No. 107-88-0) may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) It is prepared by the aldol condensation of acetaldehyde followed by catalytic hydrogenation.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

1,3-Butylene glycol — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** 4-Hydroxymethyl-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.150

**Use conditions:** antioxidant alone or in combination with other permitted antioxidants; total antioxidants shall not exceed 0.02 percent of the oil or fat content of the food

> The food additive 4-hydroxymethyl-2,6-di- tert -butylphenol may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-B>

4-Hydroxymethyl-2,6-di-tert-butylphenol — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU

jurisdiction, regulatory_citation, status, use_conditions


**Additive:** Acacia (gum arabic)

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.780

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) Acacia (gum arabic) is the dried gummy exudate from stems and branches of trees of various species of the genus Acacia , family Leguminosae.

> § 172.780 Acacia (gum arabic). The food additive may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) Acacia (gum arabic) is the dried gummy exudate from stems and branches of trees of various species of the genus Acacia , family Leguminosae.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Acacia (gum arabic) — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Acesulfame potassium

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.800

**Use conditions:** as a general-purpose sweetener and flavor enhancer in foods generally, except in meat and poultry, in accordance with current good manufacturing practice and in an amount not to exceed that reasonably required to accomplish the intended technical effect in foods for which standards of identity es...

**CAS No.:** 55589-62-3

> 24, 2023] Subpart I—Multipurpose Additives § 172.800 Acesulfame potassium. Acesulfame potassium (CAS Reg. No. 55589-62-3),

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Acesulfame potassium — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Acetone peroxides

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.802

**Use conditions:** in flour, and in bread and rolls where standards of identity do not preclude its use

> The food additive acetone peroxides may be safely used in flour, and in bread and rolls where standards of identity do not preclude its use, in accordance with the following prescribed conditions

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Acetone peroxides — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Acetylated monoglycerides

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.828

**Use conditions:** in or on food

> The food additive acetylated monoglycerides may be safely used in or on food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Acetylated monoglycerides — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Adjuvants for pesticide use dilutions

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.710

**Use conditions:** surfactants and related adjuvants added to pesticide use dilutions by grower or applicant prior to application to growing crop

> The following surfactants and related adjuvants may be safely added to pesticide use dilutions by a grower or applicant prior to application to the growing crop

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Adjuvants for pesticide use dilutions — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU

additive_name, jurisdiction, regulatory_citation, status


**Additive:** Advantame

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.803

**Use conditions:** as a sweetening agent and flavor enhancer in foods generally, except in meat and poultry, in accordance with current good manufacturing practice, in an amount not to exceed that reasonably required to achieve the intended technical effect, in foods for which standards of identity established unde...

**CAS No.:** 714229-20-6

> § 172.803 Advantame. ( a ) Advantame is the chemical N -[ N -[3-(3-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)propyl]-α-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine 1-methyl ester, monohydrate (CAS Reg. No. 714229-20-6).

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Advantame — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Aluminum nicotinate

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.310

**Use conditions:** as a source of niacin in foods for special dietary use.

> § 172.310 Aluminum nicotinate. Aluminum nicotinate may be safely used as a source of niacin in foods for special dietary use. A statement of the concentration of the additive, expressed as niacin, shall appear on the label of the food additive container or on that of any intermediate premix prepared therefrom.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Aluminum nicotinate — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Amino acids

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.320

**Use conditions:** as nutrients added to foods in accordance with the following conditions:

 ( a ) The food additive consists of one or more of the following individual amino acids in the free, hydrated, or anhydrous form, or as the hydrochloride, sodium, or potassium salts:

 ( 1 ) L-Alanine

 ( 2 ) L-Arginine
...

> § 172.320 Amino acids. The food additive amino acids may be safely used as nutrients added to foods in accordance with the following conditions: ( a ) The food additive consists of one or more of the following individual amino acids in the free, hydrated, or anhydrous form, or as the hydrochloride, sodium, or potassium salts:

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Amino acids — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Anoxomer

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.105

**Use conditions:** antioxidant in food at a level of not more than 5,000 parts per million based on fat and oil content of the food

**CAS No.:** 60837-57-2

> § 172.105 Anoxomer. Anoxomer as identified in this section may be safely used in accordance with the following conditions: ( a ) Anoxomer is 1,4-benzenediol, 2-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-polymer with diethenylbenzene, 4-(1,1-dimethyl-ethyl)phenol, 4- methoxyphenol, 4,4′-(1-methylethylidene)bis(phenol) and 4-methylphenol (CAS Reg. No. 60837-57-2)

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-B>

Anoxomer — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Aspartame

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.804

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with good manufacturing practice as a sweetening agent and a flavor enhancer in foods for which standards of identity established under section 401 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act do not preclude such use under the following conditions:

 ( a ) Aspartame is the c...

> § 172.804 Aspartame. The food additive aspartame may be safely used in food in accordance with good manufacturing practice as a sweetening agent and a flavor enhancer in foods for which standards of identity established under section 401 of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act do not preclude such use under the following conditions:

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Aspartame — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Azodicarbonamide

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.806

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) It is used or intended for use:

 ( 1 ) As an aging and bleaching ingredient in cereal flour in an amount not to exceed 2.

> § 172.806 Azodicarbonamide. The food additive azodicarbonamide may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) It is used or intended for use: ( 1 ) As an aging and bleaching ingredient in cereal flour in an amount not to exceed 2.05 grams per 100 pounds of flour (0.0045 percent; 45 parts per million).

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Azodicarbonamide — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Bakers yeast glycan

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.898

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following conditions:

 ( a ) Bakers yeast glycan is the comminuted, washed, pasteurized, and dried cell walls of the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

> permitted for use by this section are a distinct commodity from glanded cottonseed. § 172.896 Dried yeasts. Dried yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces fragilis ) and dried torula yeast ( Candida utilis ) may be safely used in food provided the total folic acid content of the yeast does not exceed 0.04 milligram per gram of yeast (approximately 0.008 milligram of pteroyglutamic acid per gram of yeast). § 172.898 Bakers yeast glycan. Bakers yeast glycan may be safely used in food in accordance with the following conditions: ( a ) Bakers yeast glycan is the comminuted, washed, pasteurized, and dried cell walls of the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is composed principally of long chain carbohydrates, not less than 85 percent on a dry solids basis.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Bakers yeast glycan — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Bakers yeast protein

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.325

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following conditions:

 ( a ) Bakers yeast protein is the insoluble proteinaceous material remaining after the mechanical rupture of yeast cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and removal of whole cell walls by centrifugation and separation of soluble cellular materials.

> § 172.325 Bakers yeast protein. Bakers yeast protein may be safely used in food in accordance with the following conditions: ( a ) Bakers yeast protein is the insoluble proteinaceous material remaining after the mechanical rupture of yeast cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and removal of whole cell walls by centrifugation and separation of soluble cellular materials.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Bakers yeast protein — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** BHA (butylated hydroxyanisole)

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.110

**Use conditions:** antioxidant in foods, alone or in combination with BHT; limits vary by food (e.g. 50 ppm in dehydrated potato shreds, 1,000 ppm in active dry yeast)

> § 172.110 BHA. The food additive BHA (butylated hydroxyanisole) alone or in combination with other antioxidants permitted in food for human consumption in this subpart B may be safely used in or on specified foods

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-B>

BHA (butylated hydroxyanisole) — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene)

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.115

**Use conditions:** antioxidant in foods, alone or in combination with BHA; limits vary by food (e.g. 50 ppm in dehydrated potato shreds, 200 ppm in emulsion stabilizers for shortenings)

> § 172.115 BHT. The food additive BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene), alone or in combination with other antioxidants permitted in this subpart B may be safely used in or on specified foods

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-B>

BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene) — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Calcium disodium EDTA

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.120

**Use conditions:** preservative and color retention agent in various canned foods, dressings, and beverages; limits vary by food (e.g. 33 ppm in canned carbonated soft drinks, 75 ppm in mayonnaise, 800 ppm in processed dry pinto beans)

> § 172.120 Calcium disodium EDTA. The food additive calcium disodium EDTA (calcium disodium ethylene-diaminetetraacetate) may be safely used in designated foods for the purposes and in accordance with the conditions prescribed

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-B>

Calcium disodium EDTA — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Calcium lactobionate

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.720

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) The food additive is the calcium salt of lactobionic acid (4-(β,D-galactosido)-D-gluconic acid) produced by the oxidation of lactose.

> § 172.720 Calcium lactobionate. The food additive calcium lactobionate may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) The food additive is the calcium salt of lactobionic acid (4-(β,D-galactosido)-D-gluconic acid) produced by the oxidation of lactose.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Calcium lactobionate — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Calcium lignosulfonate

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.715

**Use conditions:** in or on food, subject to the provisions of this section.

> 24, 2023] § 172.715 Calcium lignosulfonate. Calcium lignosulfonate may be safely used in or on food, subject to the provisions of this section. ( a ) Calcium lignosulfonate consists of sulfonated lignin, primarily as calcium and sodium salts.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Calcium lignosulfonate — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Calcium pantothenate, calcium chloride double salt

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.330

**Use conditions:** in foods for special dietary uses in accordance with good manufacturing practice and under the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) The food additive is of the d (dextrorotatory) or the dl (racemic) form.

> § 172.330 Calcium pantothenate, calcium chloride double salt. The food additive calcium chloride double salt of calcium pantothenate may be safely used in foods for special dietary uses in accordance with good manufacturing practice and under the following prescribed conditions:

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Calcium pantothenate, calcium chloride double salt — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Calcium silicate

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.410

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) It is used as an anticaking agent in food in an amount not in excess of that reasonably required to produce its intended effect.

> § 172.410 Calcium silicate. Calcium silicate, including synthetic calcium silicate, may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) It is used as an anticaking agent in food in an amount not in excess of that reasonably required to produce its intended effect.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Calcium silicate — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.844

**Use conditions:** in or on food

> The food additive calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate may be safely used in or on food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Calcium stearoyl-2-lactylate — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Carrageenan with polysorbate 80

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.623

> § 172.623 Carrageenan with polysorbate 80. Carrageenan otherwise meeting the definition and specifications of <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-172.620#p-172.620(a)>

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Carrageenan with polysorbate 80 — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Carrageenan

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.620

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) The food additive is the refined hydrocolloid prepared by aqueous extraction from the following members of the families Gigartinaceae and Solieriaceae of the class Rodophyceae (red seaweed):

 Chondrus crispus.

> § 172.620 Carrageenan. The food additive carrageenan may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) The food additive is the refined hydrocolloid prepared by aqueous extraction from the following members of the families Gigartinaceae and Solieriaceae of the class Rodophyceae (red seaweed):

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Carrageenan — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Castor oil

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.876

**Use conditions:** in accordance with the following conditions:

 ( a ) The additive meets the specifications of the United States Pharmacopeia XX (1980).

> § 172.876 Castor oil. The food additive castor oil may be safely used in accordance with the following conditions: ( a ) The additive meets the specifications of the United States Pharmacopeia XX (1980). ( b ) The additive is used or intended for use as follows:

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Castor oil — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Coatings on fresh citrus fruit

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.210

> § 172.210 Coatings on fresh citrus fruit. Coatings may be applied to fresh citrus fruit for protection of the fruit in accordance with the following conditions: ( a ) The coating is applied in the minimum amount required to accomplish the intended effect.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Coatings on fresh citrus fruit — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Cocoa butter substitute from coconut oil, palm kernel oil, or both oils

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.861

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following conditions:

 ( a ) Cocoa butter substitute from coconut oil, palm kernel oil (CAS Reg.

**CAS No.:** 85665-33-4

> The food additive, cocoa butter substitute from coconut oil, palm kernel oil, or both oils, may be safely used in food in accordance with the following conditions: ( a ) Cocoa butter substitute from coconut oil, palm kernel oil (CAS Reg. No. 85665-33-4), or both oils is a mixture of triglycerides.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Cocoa butter substitute from coconut oil, palm kernel oil, or both oils — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Cocoa with dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate for manufacturing

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.520

> § 172.520 Cocoa with dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate for manufacturing. The food additive “cocoa with dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate for manufacturing,” conforming to <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-163.117> § 163.117 of this chapter and <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-172.810>

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Cocoa with dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate for manufacturing — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Copolymer condensates of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.808

**Use conditions:** in food under the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) The additive consists of one of the following:

 ( 1 ) α-Hydro- omega -hydroxy-poly (oxyethylene) poly(oxypropylene)-(55-61 moles)poly(oxyethylene) block copolymer, having a molecular weight range of 9,760-13,200 and a cloud point above 1...

> § 172.808 Copolymer condensates of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. Copolymer condensates of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide may be safely used in food under the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) The additive consists of one of the following:

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Copolymer condensates of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Coumarone-indene resin

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.215

**Use conditions:** on grapefruit, lemons, limes, oranges, tangelos, and tangerines in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) The food additive is manufactured by the polymerization of a crude, heavy coal-tar solvent naphtha meeting the following specifications:

 ( 1 ) It is a mixture of inden...

> § 172.215 Coumarone-indene resin. The food additive coumarone-indene resin may be safely used on grapefruit, lemons, limes, oranges, tangelos, and tangerines in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) The food additive is manufactured by the polymerization of a crude, heavy coal-tar solvent naphtha meeting the following specifications:

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Coumarone-indene resin — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Curdlan

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.809

**Use conditions:** in accordance with the following conditions:

 ( a ) Curdlan is a high molecular weight polymer of glucose (β-1,3-glucan; CAS Reg.

**CAS No.:** 54724-00-4

> § 172.809 Curdlan. Curdlan may be safely used in accordance with the following conditions: ( a ) Curdlan is a high molecular weight polymer of glucose (β-1,3-glucan; CAS Reg. No. 54724-00-4) produced by pure culture fermentation from the nonpathogenic and nontoxicogenic bacterium Alcaligenes faecalis var. myxogenes.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Curdlan — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** D-Pantothenamide

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.335

**Use conditions:** in foods for special dietary use in an amount not in excess of that reasonably required to produce its intended effect.

> § 172.335 D-Pantothenamide. The food additive D-pantothenamide as a source of pantothenic acid activity, may be safely used in foods for special dietary use in an amount not in excess of that reasonably required to produce its intended effect.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

D-Pantothenamide — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Dehydroacetic acid

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.130

**Use conditions:** preservative for cut or peeled squash, no more than 65 parts per million expressed as dehydroacetic acid remains in or on the prepared squash

> Permitted for Direct Addition to Food for Human Consumption Subpart B <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-A> Previous <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-C> Next Top Table of Contents Enhanced Content - Table of Contents Subpart B | Food Preservatives | <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-B?toc=1> 172.105 – 172.190 | § 172.105 | Anoxomer. | § 172.110 | BHA. | § 172.115 | BHT. | § 172.120 | Calcium disodium EDTA. | § 172.130 | Dehydroacetic acid.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-B>

Dehydroacetic acid — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Dimethyl dicarbonate

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.133

**Use conditions:** microbial control agent in wine (not to exceed 200 ppm), ready-to-drink teas (not to exceed 250 ppm), carbonated dilute beverages containing juice (not to exceed 250 ppm), and electrolyte beverages (not to exceed 250 ppm)

**CAS No.:** 4525-33-1

> § 172.133 Dimethyl dicarbonate. Dimethyl dicarbonate (CAS Reg. No. 4525-33-1) may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-B>

Dimethyl dicarbonate — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Disodium EDTA

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.135

**Use conditions:** preservative and color retention in canned foods, dressings, sauces; limits vary by food (e.g. 75 ppm in mayonnaise, 500 ppm in canned strawberry pie filling, 36 ppm in cooked sausage as cure accelerator)

> § 172.135 Disodium EDTA. The food additive disodium EDTA (disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate) may be safely used in designated foods for the purposes and in accordance with the following prescribed conditions

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-B>

Disodium EDTA — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Disodium guanylate

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.530

**Use conditions:** as a flavor enhancer in foods, at a level not in excess of that reasonably required to produce the intended effect.

> § 172.530 Disodium guanylate. Disodium guanylate may be safely used as a flavor enhancer in foods, at a level not in excess of that reasonably required to produce the intended effect.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Disodium guanylate — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Disodium inosinate

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.535

**Use conditions:** flavor enhancer

> The food additive disodium inosinate may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Disodium inosinate — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** DL-Alanine

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.540

**Use conditions:** as a flavor enhancer for sweeteners in pickling mixtures at a level not to exceed 1 percent of the pickling spice that is added to the pickling brine.

**CAS No.:** 302-72-7

> § 172.540 DL-Alanine. DL-Alanine (a racemic mixture of D- and L-alanine; CAS Reg. No. 302-72-7) may be safely used as a flavor enhancer for sweeteners in pickling mixtures at a level not to exceed 1 percent of the pickling spice that is added to the pickling brine.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

DL-Alanine — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Dried yeasts

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.896

**Use conditions:** in food provided the total folic acid content of the yeast does not exceed 0.

> § 172.896 Dried yeasts. Dried yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces fragilis ) and dried torula yeast ( Candida utilis ) may be safely used in food provided the total folic acid content of the yeast does not exceed 0.04 milligram per gram of yeast (approximately 0.008 milligram of pteroyglutamic acid per gram of yeast).

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Dried yeasts — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Epoxidized soybean oil

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.723

**Use conditions:** in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) The additive is prepared by reacting soybean oil in toluene with hydrogen peroxide and formic acid.

> § 172.723 Epoxidized soybean oil. Epoxidized soybean oil may be safely used in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) The additive is prepared by reacting soybean oil in toluene with hydrogen peroxide and formic acid. ( b ) It meets the following specifications:

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Epoxidized soybean oil — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.834

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) The food additive is manufactured by:

 ( 1 ) Glycerolysis of edible fats primarily composed of stearic, palmitic, and myristic acids; or

 ( 2 ) Direct esterification of glycerol with a mixture of primarily stearic, palmitic...

> § 172.834 Ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides. The food additive ethoxylated mono-and diglycerides (polyoxyethylene (20) mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids) (polyglycerate 60) may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Ethoxylated mono- and diglycerides — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Ethoxyquin

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.140

**Use conditions:** antioxidant for preservation of color in chili powder, paprika, and ground chili at levels not in excess of 100 parts per million

> § 172.140 Ethoxyquin. ( a ) Ethoxyquin (1,2-dihydro-6-ethoxy-2,2,4-trimethylquinoline) may be safely used as an antioxidant for preservation of color in the production of chili powder, paprika, and ground chili at levels not in excess of 100 parts per million.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-B>

Ethoxyquin — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Ethyl cellulose

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.868

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) The food additive is a cellulose ether containing ethoxy (OC 2 H 5 ) groups attached by an ether linkage and containing on an anhydrous basis not more than 2.

> § 172.868 Ethyl cellulose. The food additive ethyl cellulose may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) The food additive is a cellulose ether containing ethoxy (OC 2 H 5 ) groups attached by an ether linkage and containing on an anhydrous basis not more than 2.6 ethoxy groups per anhydroglucose unit.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Ethyl cellulose — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Ethylene oxide polymer

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.770

**Use conditions:** as a foam stabilizer in fermented malt beverages in accordance with the following conditions.

> § 172.770 Ethylene oxide polymer. The polymer of ethylene oxide may be safely used as a foam stabilizer in fermented malt beverages in accordance with the following conditions. ( a ) It is the polymer of ethylene oxide having a minimum viscosity of 1,500 centipoises in a 1 percent aqueous solution at 25 °C.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Ethylene oxide polymer — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Fish protein isolate

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.340

**Use conditions:** as a food supplement in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( 1 ) The additive shall consist principally of dried fish protein prepared from the edible portions of fish after removal of the heads, fins, tails, bones, scales, viscera, and intestinal contents.

> § 172.340 Fish protein isolate. ( a ) The food additive fish protein isolate may be safely used as a food supplement in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( 1 ) The additive shall consist principally of dried fish protein prepared from the edible portions of fish after removal of the heads, fins, tails, bones, scales, viscera, and intestinal contents.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Fish protein isolate — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Folic acid (folacin)

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.345

**Use conditions:** in food as a nutrient in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) Folic acid is the chemical N -[4-[[(2-amino-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-6-pteridinyl)methyl]amino]benzoyl]- L -glutamic acid.

**CAS No.:** 59-30-3

> § 172.345 Folic acid (folacin). Folic acid (CAS Reg. No. 59-30-3), also known as folacin or folate, may be safely used in food as a nutrient in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) Folic acid is the chemical N -[4-[[(2-amino-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-6-pteridinyl)methyl]amino]benzoyl]- L -glutamic acid.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Folic acid (folacin) — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Food starch-modified

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.892

**Use conditions:** in food.

> § 172.892 Food starch-modified. Food starch-modified as described in this section may be safely used in food.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Food starch-modified — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Fumaric acid and salts of fumaric acid

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.350

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) The additives meet the following specifications:

 ( 1 ) Fumaric acid contains a minimum of 99.

> § 172.350 Fumaric acid and salts of fumaric acid. Fumaric acid and its calcium, ferrous, magnesium, potassium, and sodium salts may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) The additives meet the following specifications:

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Fumaric acid and salts of fumaric acid — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Furcelleran

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.655

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) The food additive is the refined hydrocolloid prepared by aqueous extraction of furcellaria fastigiata of the class Rodophyceae (red seaweed).

> § 172.655 Furcelleran. The food additive furcelleran may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) The food additive is the refined hydrocolloid prepared by aqueous extraction of furcellaria fastigiata of the class Rodophyceae (red seaweed).

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Furcelleran — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Gellan gum

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.665

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) The additive is a high molecular weight polysaccharide gum produced from Pseudomonas elodea by a pure culture fermentation process and purified by recovery with isopropyl alcohol.

> The food additive gellan gum may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) The additive is a high molecular weight polysaccharide gum produced from Pseudomonas elodea by a pure culture fermentation process and purified by recovery with isopropyl alcohol.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Gellan gum — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Gibberellic acid and its potassium salt

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.725

> § 172.725 Gibberellic acid and its potassium salt. The food additives gibberellic acid and its potassium salt may be used in the malting of barley in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) The additives meet the following specifications:

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Gibberellic acid and its potassium salt — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Glycerides and polyglycides of hydrogenated vegetable oils

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.736

**Use conditions:** in food

> The food additive glycerides and polyglycides of hydrogenated vegetable oils may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Glycerides and polyglycides of hydrogenated vegetable oils — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Glycerol ester of rosin

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.735

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) It has an acid number of 3 to 9, a drop-softening point of 88 to 96 °C; and a color of N or paler as determined in accordance with Official Naval Stores Standards of the United States.

> § 172.735 Glycerol ester of rosin. Glycerol ester of wood rosin, gum rosin, or tall oil rosin may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) It has an acid number of 3 to 9, a drop-softening point of 88 to 96 °C; and a color of N or paler as determined in accordance with Official Naval Stores Standards of the United States. It is purified by countercurrent steam distillation or steam stripping.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Glycerol ester of rosin — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Glyceryl-lacto esters of fatty acids

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.852

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) They are manufactured from glycerin, lactic acid, and fatty acids conforming with <https://www.

> § 172.852 Glyceryl-lacto esters of fatty acids. Glyceryl-lacto esters of fatty acids (the lactic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides) may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) They are manufactured from glycerin, lactic acid, and fatty acids conforming with <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-172.860>

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Glyceryl-lacto esters of fatty acids — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Glyceryl tristearate

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.811

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) The food additive (CAS Reg.

**CAS No.:** 555-43-1

> § 172.811 Glyceryl tristearate. The food additive glyceryl tristearate may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) The food additive (CAS Reg. No. 555-43-1) is prepared by reacting stearic acid with glycerol in the presence of a suitable catalyst.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Glyceryl tristearate — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Glycine

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.812

**Use conditions:** for technological purposes in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) The additive meets the specifications of the Food Chemicals Codex, 7th ed.

> Glycine. The food additive glycine may be safely used for technological purposes in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) The additive meets the specifications of the Food Chemicals Codex, 7th ed. (2010), pp.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Glycine — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Heptylparaben

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.145

**Use conditions:** antimicrobial in fermented malt beverages (not to exceed 12 ppm) and in noncarbonated soft drinks and fruit-based beverages (not to exceed 20 ppm)

> § 172.145 Heptylparaben. ( a ) The food additive heptylparaben is the chemical n -heptyl p -hydroxybenzoate. ( b ) It may be safely used to inhibit microbiological spoilage in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( 1 ) In fermented malt beverages in amounts not to exceed 12 parts per million.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-B>

Heptylparaben — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Hydroxylated lecithin

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.814

**Use conditions:** as an emulsifier in foods in accordance with the following conditions:

 ( a ) The additive is obtained by the treatment of lecithin in one of the following ways, under controlled conditions whereby the separated fatty acid fraction of the resultant product has an acetyl value of 30 to 38:

 ( 1 ...

> § 172.814 Hydroxylated lecithin. The food additive hydroxylated lecithin may be safely used as an emulsifier in foods in accordance with the following conditions: ( a ) The additive is obtained by the treatment of lecithin in one of the following ways, under controlled conditions whereby the separated fatty acid fraction of the resultant product has an acetyl value of 30 to 38:

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Hydroxylated lecithin — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Hydroxypropyl cellulose

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.870

**Use conditions:** in food, except standardized foods that do not provide for such use, in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) The additive consists of one of the following:

 ( 1 ) A cellulose ether containing propylene glycol groups attached by an ether linkage that contains, on an anhydr...

> § 172.870 Hydroxypropyl cellulose. The food additive hydroxypropyl cellulose may be safely used in food, except standardized foods that do not provide for such use, in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) The additive consists of one of the following:

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Hydroxypropyl cellulose — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.874

**Use conditions:** in food, except in standardized foods which do not provide for such use if:

 ( a ) The additive complies with the definition and specifications prescribed in the National Formulary, 12th edition.

**CAS No.:** 9004-65-3

> § 172.874 Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose. The food additive hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (CAS Reg. No. 9004-65-3) may be safely used in food, except in standardized foods which do not provide for such use if: ( a ) The additive complies with the definition and specifications prescribed in the National Formulary, 12th edition.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Iron ammonium citrate

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.430

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) The additive is the chemical green ferric ammonium citrate.

> § 172.430 Iron ammonium citrate. Iron ammonium citrate may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) The additive is the chemical green ferric ammonium citrate.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Iron ammonium citrate — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Iron-choline citrate complex

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.370

**Use conditions:** as a source of iron in foods for special dietary use.

> § 172.370 Iron-choline citrate complex. Iron-choline citrate complex made by reacting approximately equimolecular quantities of ferric hydroxide, choline, and citric acid may be safely used as a source of iron in foods for special dietary use.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Iron-choline citrate complex — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Kelp

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.365

**Use conditions:** source of essential mineral iodine; maximum intake shall not exceed 225 micrograms of iodine daily

> Kelp may be safely added to a food as a source of the essential mineral iodine, provided the maximum intake of the food as may be consumed during a period of one day, or as directed for use in the cas

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Kelp — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.850

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) The additive is a mixture of esters produced by the lactylation of a product obtained by reacting edible fats or oils with propylene glycol.

> § 172.850 Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol. The food additive lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) The additive is a mixture of esters produced by the lactylation of a product obtained by reacting edible fats or oils with propylene glycol.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propylene glycol — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Lactylic esters of fatty acids

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.848

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) They are prepared from lactic acid and fatty acids meeting the requirements of <https://www.

> 13, 2000] § 172.848 Lactylic esters of fatty acids. Lactylic esters of fatty acids may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) They are prepared from lactic acid and fatty acids meeting the requirements of <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-172.860#p-172.860(b)>

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Lactylic esters of fatty acids — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Listeria -specific bacteriophage preparation

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.785

**Use conditions:** as an antimicrobial agent specific for Listeria monocytogenes ( L.

> 24, 2023] § 172.785 Listeria -specific bacteriophage preparation. The additive may be safely used as an antimicrobial agent specific for Listeria monocytogenes ( L. monocytogenes ) in accordance with the following conditions:

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Listeria -specific bacteriophage preparation — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Methacrylic acid-divinylbenzene copolymer

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.775

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) The additive is produced by the polymerization of methacrylic acid and divinylbenzene.

> § 172.775 Methacrylic acid-divinylbenzene copolymer. Methacrylic acid-divinylbenzene copolymer may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) The additive is produced by the polymerization of methacrylic acid and divinylbenzene. The divinylbenzene functions as a cross-linking agent and constitutes a minimum of 4 percent of the polymer.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Methacrylic acid-divinylbenzene copolymer — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Methyl and ethyl esters of fatty acids produced from edible fats and oils

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.225

**Use conditions:** in food, subject to the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) The additive consists of a mixture of either methyl or ethyl esters of fatty acids produced from edible fats and oils and meets the following specifications:

 ( 1 ) Not less than 90 percent methyl or ethyl esters of fatty acids.

> 19, 1984] § 172.225 Methyl and ethyl esters of fatty acids produced from edible fats and oils. Methyl esters and ethyl esters of fatty acids produced from edible fats and oils may be safely used in food, subject to the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) The additive consists of a mixture of either methyl or ethyl esters of fatty acids produced from edible fats and oils and meets the following specifications: ( 1 ) Not less than 90 percent methyl or ethyl esters of fatty acids. ( 2 ) Not more than 1.5 percent unsaponifiable matter.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Methyl and ethyl esters of fatty acids produced from edible fats and oils — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Methyl ethyl cellulose

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.872

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions.

> 9, 1981, as amended at <https://www.federalregister.gov/citation/76-FR-41689> 76 FR 41689 , July 15, 2011] § 172.872 Methyl ethyl cellulose. The food additive methyl ethyl cellulose may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Methyl ethyl cellulose — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Methyl glucoside-coconut oil ester

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.816

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following conditions:

 ( a ) It is the methyl glucoside-coconut oil ester having the following specifications:

 Acid number: 10-20

 Hydroxyl number: 200-300

 pH (5% aqueous): 4.

> § 172.816 Methyl glucoside-coconut oil ester. Methyl glucoside-coconut oil ester may be safely used in food in accordance with the following conditions: ( a ) It is the methyl glucoside-coconut oil ester having the following specifications: Acid number: 10-20

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Methyl glucoside-coconut oil ester — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Microcapsules for flavoring substances

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.230

**Use conditions:** for encapsulating discrete particles of flavoring substances that are generally recognized as safe for their intended use or are regulated under this part, in accordance with the following conditions:

 ( a ) The microcapsules may be formulated from the following components, each used in the mini...

> § 172.230 Microcapsules for flavoring substances. Microcapsules may be safely used for encapsulating discrete particles of flavoring substances that are generally recognized as safe for their intended use or are regulated under this part, in accordance with the following conditions:

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Microcapsules for flavoring substances — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Modified cottonseed products intended for human consumption

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.894

> § 172.894 Modified cottonseed products intended for human consumption. The food additive modified cottonseed products may be used for human consumption in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) The additive is derived from: ( 1 ) Decorticated, partially defatted, cooked, ground cottonseed kernels; or

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Modified cottonseed products intended for human consumption — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Modified hop extract

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.560

**Use conditions:** in beer in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) The food additive is used or intended for use as a flavoring agent in the brewing of beer.

> § 172.560 Modified hop extract. The food additive modified hop extract may be safely used in beer in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) The food additive is used or intended for use as a flavoring agent in the brewing of beer. ( b ) The food additive is manufactured by one of the following processes:

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Modified hop extract — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Monoglyceride citrate

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.832

**Use conditions:** as a synergist and solubilizer for antioxidants in oils and fats, when used in accordance with the conditions prescribed in this section.

> § 172.832 Monoglyceride citrate. A food additive that is a mixture of glyceryl monooleate and its citric acid monoester manufactured by the reaction of glyceryl monooleate with citric acid under controlled conditions may be safely used as a synergist and solubilizer for antioxidants in oils and fats, when used in accordance with the conditions prescribed in this section.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Monoglyceride citrate — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Morpholine

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.235

**Use conditions:** as a component of food, subject to the following restrictions.

> § 172.235 Morpholine. Morpholine may be safely used as a component of food, subject to the following restrictions. ( a ) It is used as the salt(s) of one or more of the fatty acids meeting the requirements of <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-172.860>

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Morpholine — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** N -Acetyl-L-methionine

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.372

> § 172.372 N -Acetyl-L-methionine. The food additive N -acetyl-L-methionine may be safely added to food (except infant foods and foods containing added nitrites/nitrates) as a source of L-methionine for use as a nutrient in accordance with the following conditions:

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

N -Acetyl-L-methionine — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Natamycin (pimaricin)

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.155

**Use conditions:** antimycotic on cheese, in amounts not to exceed 20 milligrams per kilogram (20 parts per million) in the finished product

**CAS No.:** 7681-93-8

> ( b ) The additive is used as an antioxidant alone or in combination with other permitted antioxidants. ( c ) The total amount of all antioxidants added to such food shall not exceed 0.02 percent of the oil or fat content of the food, including the essential (volatile) oil content of the food. § 172.155 Natamycin (pimaricin). ( a ) Natamycin (CAS Reg. No. 7681-93-8),

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-B>

Natamycin (pimaricin) — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Neotame

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.829

**Use conditions:** as a sweetening agent and flavor enhancer in foods generally, except in meat and poultry, in accordance with current good manufacturing practice, in an amount not to exceed that reasonably required to accomplish the intended technical effect, in foods for which standards of identity established u...

**CAS No.:** 165450-17-9

> 25, 1985] § 172.829 Neotame. ( a ) Neotame is the chemical N -[ N -(3,3-dimethylbutyl)-L-α-aspartyl]-L-phenylalanine-1-methyl ester (CAS Reg. No. 165450-17-9).

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Neotame — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Nicotinamide-ascorbic acid complex

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.315

**Use conditions:** in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) The additive is the product of the controlled reaction between ascorbic acid and nicotinamide, melting in the range 141 °C to 145 °C.

> § 172.315 Nicotinamide-ascorbic acid complex. Nicotinamide-ascorbic acid complex may be safely used in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) The additive is the product of the controlled reaction between ascorbic acid and nicotinamide, melting in the range 141 °C to 145 °C.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Nicotinamide-ascorbic acid complex — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Odorless light petroleum hydrocarbons

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.884

**Use conditions:** in food, in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) The additive is a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons derived from petroleum or synthesized from petroleum gases.

> § 172.884 Odorless light petroleum hydrocarbons. Odorless light petroleum hydrocarbons may be safely used in food, in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) The additive is a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons derived from petroleum or synthesized from petroleum gases. The additive is chiefly paraffinic, isoparaffinic, or naphthenic in nature.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Odorless light petroleum hydrocarbons — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Olestra

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.867

**Use conditions:** in accordance with the following conditions:

 ( a ) Olestra is a mixture of octa-, hepta-, and hexa-esters of sucrose with fatty acids derived from edible fats and oils or fatty acid sources that are generally recognized as safe or approved for use as food ingredients.

> permitted in food. [ <https://www.federalregister.gov/citation/42-FR-14491> 42 FR 14491 , Mar. 15, 1977, as amended at <https://www.federalregister.gov/citation/47-FR-11837> 47 FR 11837 , Mar. 19, 1982; <https://www.federalregister.gov/citation/49-FR-10105> 49 FR 10105 , Mar. 19, 1984; <https://www.federalregister.gov/citation/54-FR-24897> 54 FR 24897 , June 12, 1989; <https://www.federalregister.gov/citation/70-FR-72908> 70 FR 72908 , Dec. 8, 2005; <https://www.federalregister.gov/citation/81-FR-5591> 81 FR 5591 , Feb. 3, 2016; <https://www.federalregister.gov/citation/88-FR-17721> 88 FR 17721 , Mar. 24, 2023] § 172.866 Synthetic glycerin produced by the hydrogenolysis of carbohydrates. Synthetic glycerin produced by the hydrogenolysis of carbohydrates may be safely used in food, subject to the provisions of this section: ( a ) It shall contain not in excess of 0.2 percent by weight of a mixture of butanetriols. ( b ) It is used or intended for use in an amount not to exceed that reasonably required to produce its intended effect. § 172.867 Olestra. Olestra, as identified in this section, may be safely used in accordance with the following conditions: ( a ) Olestra is a mixture of octa-, hepta-, and hexa-esters of sucrose with fatty acids derived from edible fats and oils or fatty acid sources that are generally recognized as safe or approved for use as food ingredients. The chain lengths of the fatty acids are no less than 12 carbon atoms.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Olestra — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Oxidized polyethylene

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.260

**Use conditions:** as a component of food, subject to the following restrictions:

 ( a ) Oxidized polyethylene is the basic resin produced by the mild air oxidation of polyethylene.

> § 172.260 Oxidized polyethylene. Oxidized polyethylene may be safely used as a component of food, subject to the following restrictions: ( a ) Oxidized polyethylene is the basic resin produced by the mild air oxidation of polyethylene.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Oxidized polyethylene — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Oxystearin

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.818

**Use conditions:** in foods, when such use is not precluded by standards of identity

> The food additive oxystearin may be safely used in foods, when such use is not precluded by standards of identity in accordance with the following conditions

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Oxystearin — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Petrolatum

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.880

**Use conditions:** in food, subject to the provisions of this section.

> § 172.880 Petrolatum. Petrolatum may be safely used in food, subject to the provisions of this section. ( a ) Petrolatum complies with the specifications set forth in the United States Pharmacopeia XX (1980) for white petrolatum or in the National Formulary XV (1980) for petrolatum.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Petrolatum — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Petroleum naphtha

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.250

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following conditions:

 ( a ) The additive is a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons, essentially paraffinic and naphthenic in nature obtained from petroleum,

 ( b ) The additive is refined to meet the following specifications when subjected to the procedures described i...

> § 172.250 Petroleum naphtha. Petroleum naphtha may be safely used in food in accordance with the following conditions: ( a ) The additive is a mixture of liquid hydrocarbons, essentially paraffinic and naphthenic in nature obtained from petroleum, ( b ) The additive is refined to meet the following specifications when subjected to the procedures described in this paragraph.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Petroleum naphtha — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Polyacrylamide

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.255

**Use conditions:** as a film former in the imprinting of soft-shell gelatin capsules when the amount used is not in excess of the minimum required to produce the intended effect.

> § 172.255 Polyacrylamide. Polyacrylamide containing not more than 0.2 percent of acrylamide monomer may be safely used as a film former in the imprinting of soft-shell gelatin capsules when the amount used is not in excess of the minimum required to produce the intended effect.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Polyacrylamide — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Polydextrose

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.841

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a )

 ( 1 ) Polydextrose (CAS Reg.

**CAS No.:** 68424-04-4

> 16, 2020] § 172.841 Polydextrose. Polydextrose as identified in this section may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) ( 1 ) Polydextrose (CAS Reg. No. 68424-04-4)

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Polydextrose — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Polyethylene glycol (mean molecular weight 200-9,500)

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.820

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) Identity.

> § 172.820 Polyethylene glycol (mean molecular weight 200-9,500). Polyethylene glycol identified in this section may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) Identity. ( 1 ) The additive is an addition polymer of ethylene oxide and water with a mean molecular weight of 200 to 9,500.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Polyethylene glycol (mean molecular weight 200-9,500) — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.854

**Use conditions:** up to and including the decaglycerol esters; in food

> Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids, up to and including the decaglycerol esters, may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Polysorbate 60

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.836

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) The food additive is manufactured by reacting stearic acid (usually containing associated fatty acids, chiefly palmitic) with sorbitol to yield a product with a maximum acid number of 10 and a maximum water content of 0.

> § 172.836 Polysorbate 60. The food additive polysorbate 60 (polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate) which is a mixture of polyoxyethylene ethers of mixed partial stearic and palmitic acid esters of sorbitol anhydrides and related compounds, may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Polysorbate 60 — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Polysorbate 65

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.838

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) The food additive is manufactured by reacting stearic acid (usually containing associated fatty acids, chiefly palmitic) with sorbitol to yield a product with a maximum acid number of 15 and a maximum water content of 0.

> § 172.838 Polysorbate 65. The food additive polysorbate 65 (polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan tristearate), which is a mixture of polyoxyethylene ethers of mixed stearic acid esters of sorbitol anhydrides and related compounds, may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Polysorbate 65 — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Polysorbate 80

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.840

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) The food additive is manufactured by reacting oleic acid (usually containing associated fatty acids) with sorbitol to yield a product with a maximum acid number of 7.

> § 172.840 Polysorbate 80. The food additive polysorbate 80 (polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate), which is a mixture of polyoxyethylene ethers of mixed partial oleic acid esters of sorbitol anhydrides and related compounds, may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Polysorbate 80 — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Potassium bromate

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.730

**Use conditions:** in the malting of barley

> The food additive potassium bromate may be safely used in the malting of barley under the following prescribed conditions

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Potassium bromate — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Potassium iodide

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.375

**Use conditions:** source of essential mineral iodine; maximum intake shall not exceed 225 micrograms of iodine daily

> The food additive potassium iodide may be safely used in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) Potassium iodide may be safely added to a food as a source of the essential mineral iodine

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Potassium iodide — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Potassium nitrate

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.160

**Use conditions:** curing agent in the processing of cod roe, in an amount not to exceed 200 parts per million of the finished roe

> § 172.160 Potassium nitrate. The food additive potassium nitrate may be safely used as a curing agent in the processing of cod roe, in an amount not to exceed 200 parts per million of the finished roe.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-B>

Potassium nitrate — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Propylene glycol alginate

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.858

**CAS No.:** 9005-37-2

> § 172.858 Propylene glycol alginate. The food additive propylene glycol alginate (CAS Reg. No. 9005-37-2) may be used as an emulsifier, flavoring adjuvant, formulation aid, stabilizer, surfactant, or thickener in foods in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Propylene glycol alginate — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.856

**Use conditions:** in food, subject to the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) They are produced from edible fats and/or fatty acids in compliance with <https://www.

> § 172.856 Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids. Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids may be safely used in food, subject to the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) They are produced from edible fats and/or fatty acids in compliance with <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-172.860>

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Propylene glycol mono- and diesters of fats and fatty acids — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Quaternary ammonium chloride combination

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.165

**Use conditions:** antimicrobial agent in raw sugar cane juice, added prior to clarification when further processing must be delayed

> Permitted for Direct Addition to Food for Human Consumption Subpart B <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-A> Previous <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-C> Next Top Table of Contents Enhanced Content - Table of Contents Subpart B | Food Preservatives | <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-B?toc=1> 172.105 – 172.190 | § 172.105 | Anoxomer. | § 172.110 | BHA. | § 172.115 | BHT. | § 172.120 | Calcium disodium EDTA. | § 172.130 | Dehydroacetic acid. | § 172.133 | Dimethyl dicarbonate. | § 172.135 | Disodium EDTA. | § 172.140 | Ethoxyquin. | § 172.145 | Heptylparaben. | § 172.150 | 4-Hydroxymethyl-2,6-di- tert -butylphenol. | § 172.155 | Natamycin (pimaricin). | § 172.160 | Potassium nitrate. | § 172.165 | Quaternary ammonium chloride combination.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-B>

Quaternary ammonium chloride combination — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Quinine

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.575

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following conditions:

 Uses |
 Limitations |

 In carbonated beverages as a flavor |
 Not to exceed 83 parts per million, as quinine.

> § 172.575 Quinine. Quinine, as the hydrochloride salt or sulfate salt, may be safely used in food in accordance with the following conditions: Uses | Limitations |

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Quinine — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Rice bran wax

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.890

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following conditions:

 ( a ) It is the refined wax obtained from rice bran and meets the following specifications:

 Melting point 75 °C to 80 °C.

> § 172.890 Rice bran wax. Rice bran wax may be safely used in food in accordance with the following conditions: ( a ) It is the refined wax obtained from rice bran and meets the following specifications: Melting point 75 °C to 80 °C.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Rice bran wax — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Safrole-free extract of sassafras

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.580

**Use conditions:** in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) The additive is the aqueous extract obtained from the root bark of the plant Sassafras albidum (Nuttall) Nees (Fam.

> § 172.580 Safrole-free extract of sassafras. The food additive safrole-free extract of sassafras may be safely used in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) The additive is the aqueous extract obtained from the root bark of the plant Sassafras albidum (Nuttall) Nees (Fam. Lauraceae).

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Safrole-free extract of sassafras — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Salts of carrageenan

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.626

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) The food additive consists of carrageenan, meeting the provisions of <https://www.

> § 172.626 Salts of carrageenan. The food additive salts of carrageenan may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) The food additive consists of carrageenan, meeting the provisions of <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-172.620>

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Salts of carrageenan — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Salts of furcelleran

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.660

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) The food additive consists of furcelleran, meeting the provisions of <https://www.

> § 172.660 Salts of furcelleran. The food additive salts of furcelleran may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) The food additive consists of furcelleran, meeting the provisions of <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/section-172.655>

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Salts of furcelleran — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Silver nitrate and hydrogen peroxide solution

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.167

**Use conditions:** antimicrobial agent in bottled water; silver not to exceed 17 micrograms per kilogram, hydrogen peroxide not to exceed 23 milligrams per kilogram

> Permitted for Direct Addition to Food for Human Consumption Subpart B <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-A> Previous <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-C> Next Top Table of Contents Enhanced Content - Table of Contents Subpart B | Food Preservatives | <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-B?toc=1> 172.105 – 172.190 | § 172.105 | Anoxomer. | § 172.110 | BHA. | § 172.115 | BHT. | § 172.120 | Calcium disodium EDTA. | § 172.130 | Dehydroacetic acid. | § 172.133 | Dimethyl dicarbonate. | § 172.135 | Disodium EDTA. | § 172.140 | Ethoxyquin. | § 172.145 | Heptylparaben. | § 172.150 | 4-Hydroxymethyl-2,6-di- tert -butylphenol. | § 172.155 | Natamycin (pimaricin). | § 172.160 | Potassium nitrate. | § 172.165 | Quaternary ammonium chloride combination. | § 172.167 | Silver nitrate and hydrogen peroxide solution.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-B>

Silver nitrate and hydrogen peroxide solution — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Sodium lauryl sulfate

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.822

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following conditions:

 ( a ) The additive meets the following specifications:

 ( 1 ) It is a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates consisting chiefly of sodium lauryl sulfate [CH 2 (CH 2 ) 10 CH 2 OSO 2 Na].

> § 172.822 Sodium lauryl sulfate. The food additive sodium lauryl sulfate may be safely used in food in accordance with the following conditions: ( a ) The additive meets the following specifications: ( 1 ) It is a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfates consisting chiefly of sodium lauryl sulfate [CH 2 (CH 2 ) 10 CH 2 OSO 2 Na].

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Sodium lauryl sulfate — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Sodium mono- and dimethyl naphthalene sulfonates

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.824

**Use conditions:** in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) The additive has a molecular weight range of 245-260.

> § 172.824 Sodium mono- and dimethyl naphthalene sulfonates. The food additive sodium mono- and dimethyl naphthalene sulfonates may be safely used in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) The additive has a molecular weight range of 245-260.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Sodium mono- and dimethyl naphthalene sulfonates — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Sodium nitrate

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.170

**Use conditions:** preservative and color fixative in smoked/cured sablefish, salmon, and shad (not to exceed 500 ppm); in meat-curing preparations for home curing (not to exceed 500 ppm in finished meat product)

> Permitted for Direct Addition to Food for Human Consumption Subpart B <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-A> Previous <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-C> Next Top Table of Contents Enhanced Content - Table of Contents Subpart B | Food Preservatives | <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-B?toc=1> 172.105 – 172.190 | § 172.105 | Anoxomer. | § 172.110 | BHA. | § 172.115 | BHT. | § 172.120 | Calcium disodium EDTA. | § 172.130 | Dehydroacetic acid. | § 172.133 | Dimethyl dicarbonate. | § 172.135 | Disodium EDTA. | § 172.140 | Ethoxyquin. | § 172.145 | Heptylparaben. | § 172.150 | 4-Hydroxymethyl-2,6-di- tert -butylphenol. | § 172.155 | Natamycin (pimaricin). | § 172.160 | Potassium nitrate. | § 172.165 | Quaternary ammonium chloride combination. | § 172.167 | Silver nitrate and hydrogen peroxide solution. | § 172.170 | Sodium nitrate.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-B>

Sodium nitrate — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Sodium nitrite

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.175

**Use conditions:** color fixative in smoked cured tunafish (not to exceed 10 ppm); preservative and color fixative in smoked/cured sablefish, salmon, shad (not to exceed 200 ppm); in meat-curing preparations for home curing (not to exceed 200 ppm in finished meat product)

> Permitted for Direct Addition to Food for Human Consumption Subpart B <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-A> Previous <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-C> Next Top Table of Contents Enhanced Content - Table of Contents Subpart B | Food Preservatives | <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-B?toc=1> 172.105 – 172.190 | § 172.105 | Anoxomer. | § 172.110 | BHA. | § 172.115 | BHT. | § 172.120 | Calcium disodium EDTA. | § 172.130 | Dehydroacetic acid. | § 172.133 | Dimethyl dicarbonate. | § 172.135 | Disodium EDTA. | § 172.140 | Ethoxyquin. | § 172.145 | Heptylparaben. | § 172.150 | 4-Hydroxymethyl-2,6-di- tert -butylphenol. | § 172.155 | Natamycin (pimaricin). | § 172.160 | Potassium nitrate. | § 172.165 | Quaternary ammonium chloride combination. | § 172.167 | Silver nitrate and hydrogen peroxide solution. | § 172.170 | Sodium nitrate. | § 172.175 | Sodium nitrite.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-B>

Sodium nitrite — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Sodium stearoyl lactylate

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.846

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) The additive, which is a mixture of sodium salts of stearoyl lactylic acids and minor proportions of sodium salts of related acids, is manufactured by the reaction of stearic acid and lactic acid and conversion to the sodium ...

**CAS No.:** 25-383-997

> § 172.846 Sodium stearoyl lactylate. The food additive sodium stearoyl lactylate (CAS Reg. No. 25-383-997) may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Sodium stearoyl lactylate — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Sodium stearyl fumarate

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.826

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following conditions:

 ( a ) It contains not less than 99 percent sodium stearyl fumarate calculated on the anhydrous basis, and not more than 0.

> § 172.826 Sodium stearyl fumarate. Sodium stearyl fumarate may be safely used in food in accordance with the following conditions: ( a ) It contains not less than 99 percent sodium stearyl fumarate calculated on the anhydrous basis, and not more than 0.25 percent sodium stearyl maleate.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Sodium stearyl fumarate — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Sorbitan monostearate

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.842

**Use conditions:** in or on food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) The food additive is manufactured by reacting stearic acid (usually containing associated fatty acids, chiefly palmitic) with sorbitol to yield essentially a mixture of esters.

> 24, 2023] § 172.842 Sorbitan monostearate. The food additive sorbitan monostearate, which is a mixture of partial stearic and palmitic acid esters of sorbitol anhydrides, may be safely used in or on food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) The food additive is manufactured by reacting stearic acid (usually containing associated fatty acids, chiefly palmitic) with sorbitol to yield essentially a mixture of esters. ( b ) The food additive meets the following specifications:

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Sorbitan monostearate — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Stannous chloride

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.180

**Use conditions:** color retention in asparagus packed in glass, with lids lined with an inert material, in an amount not to exceed 20 parts per million calculated as tin (Sn)

> § 172.180 Stannous chloride. The food additive stannous chloride may be safely used for color retention in asparagus packed in glass, with lids lined with an inert material, in an amount not to exceed 20 parts per million calculated as tin (Sn).

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172/subpart-B>

Stannous chloride — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Stearyl monoglyceridyl citrate

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.755

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following provisions:

 ( a ) The additive is prepared by controlled chemical reaction of the following:

 Reactant |
 Limitations |

 Citric acid |
 |

 Monoglycerides of fatty acids |
 Prepared by the glycerolysis of edible fats and oils or derived from fatty...

> § 172.755 Stearyl monoglyceridyl citrate. The food additive stearyl monoglyceridyl citrate may be safely used in food in accordance with the following provisions: ( a ) The additive is prepared by controlled chemical reaction of the following: Reactant |

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Stearyl monoglyceridyl citrate — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU


**Additive:** Succinylated monoglycerides

**Jurisdiction:** US FDA (21 CFR 172–178)

**Status:** permitted

**Citation:** 21 CFR 172.830

**Use conditions:** in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions:

 ( a ) The additive is a mixture of semi-and neutral succinic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides produced by the succinylation of a product obtained by the glycerolysis of edible fats and oils, or by the direct esterification of ...

> 24, 2023] § 172.830 Succinylated monoglycerides. The food additive succinylated monoglycerides may be safely used in food in accordance with the following prescribed conditions: ( a ) The additive is a mixture of semi-and neutral succinic acid esters of mono- and diglycerides produced by the succinylation of a product obtained by the glycerolysis of edible fats and oils, or by the direct esterification of glycerol with edible fat-forming fatty acids. ( b ) The additive meets the following specifications: Succinic acid content: 14.8%-25.6% Melting point: 50 °C-60 °C. Acid number: 70-120 ( c ) The additive is used or intended for use in the following foods: ( 1 ) As an emulsifier in liquid and plastic shortenings at a level not to exceed 3 percent by weight of the shortening. ( 2 ) As a dough conditioner in bread baking, when such use is permitted by an appropriate food standard, at a level not to exceed 0.5 percent by weight of the flour used.

Source: <https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-172>

Succinylated monoglycerides — Food additive regulatory approval status — US FDA vs EU