{
  "name": "Federal hours-of-service exemptions by commercial driver operation type",
  "description": "Commercial motor vehicle drivers are subject to federal hours-of-service limits (49 CFR 395.3: an 11-hour driving cap inside a 14-hour window, a 30-minute break after 8 hours of driving, and a 60-hour/7-day or 70-hour/8-day on-duty cap), but 49 CFR 395.1 says the rules apply to every carrier and driver 'except as provided in paragraphs (b) through (x) of this section' -- a list of operation-specific carve-outs covering short-haul driving, agriculture and livestock, oilfield and well-drilling work, utility service, ready-mixed concrete, motion-picture production, railroad signal work, beekeeping, hi-rail and pipeline welding trucks, and more. Each carve-out removes a different requirement and carries its own radius, time window or condition, and they are scattered through one long section. Each record here is one exemption: who qualifies, the bright-line condition, and exactly which requirement it removes, quoted verbatim from the regulation. Answers 'do hours-of-service rules apply to my delivery route', 'is there an hours-of-service exemption for farm work', 'what counts as short-haul under the FMCSA rules'.",
  "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/",
  "licence": "Federal regulatory text (49 CFR) is a US government work, not copyrightable",
  "last_verified": "2026-08-30",
  "stale_after": "2027-08-28",
  "sources": [
    "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1"
  ],
  "records": [
    {
      "exemption_name": "150 air-mile radius driver (short-haul)",
      "cfr_paragraph": "49 CFR 395.1(e)(1)",
      "who_qualifies": "150 air-mile radius driver",
      "what_is_exempted": "exempt from the requirements of \u00a7\u00a7 395.8 and 395.11",
      "radius_or_condition": "The driver operates within a 150 air-mile radius (172.6 statute miles) of the normal work reporting location; (ii) The driver, except a driver-salesperson, returns to the work reporting location and is released from work within 14 consecutive hours;",
      "baseline_limit": "\u00a7 395.3(a)(3)(ii): drivers qualifying for the short-haul exceptions in \u00a7 395.1(e)(1) or (2) are not subject to the 30-minute interruption after 8 hours of driving.",
      "id": "150-air-mile-radius-driver-short-haul",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/150-air-mile-radius-driver-short-haul/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1",
      "source_quote": "(1) 150 air-mile radius driver. A driver is exempt from the requirements of \u00a7\u00a7 395.8 and 395.11 if: (i) The driver operates within a 150 air-mile radius (172.6 statute miles) of the normal work reporting location; (ii) The driver, except a driver-salesperson, returns to the work reporting location and is released from work within 14 consecutive hours;",
      "verified_fields": [
        "radius_or_condition",
        "what_is_exempted",
        "who_qualifies"
      ],
      "derived_fields": [
        "baseline_limit",
        "cfr_paragraph",
        "exemption_name"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exemption_name": "Adverse driving conditions",
      "cfr_paragraph": "49 CFR 395.1(b)(1)",
      "who_qualifies": "a driver who encounters adverse driving conditions",
      "what_is_exempted": "may drive and be permitted or required to drive a commercial motor vehicle for not more than two additional hours beyond the maximum allowable hours permitted under \u00a7 395.3(a) or \u00a7 395.5(a)",
      "radius_or_condition": "not more than two additional hours",
      "baseline_limit": "\u00a7 395.3(a): 11 hours of driving inside a 14-hour window, after 10 consecutive hours off duty.",
      "id": "adverse-driving-conditions",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/adverse-driving-conditions/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1",
      "source_quote": "(1) Adverse driving conditions. Except as provided in paragraph (h)(3) of this section, a driver who encounters adverse driving conditions, as defined in \u00a7 395.2 , and cannot, because of those conditions, safely complete the run within the maximum driving time or duty time during which driving is permitted under \u00a7 395.3(a) or \u00a7 395.5(a) may drive and be permitted or required to drive a commercial motor vehicle for not more than two additional hours beyond the maximum allowable hours permitted under \u00a7 395.3(a) or \u00a7 395.5(a) to complete that run or to reach a place offering safety for the occupants of the commercial motor vehicle and security for the commercial motor vehicle and its cargo.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "radius_or_condition",
        "what_is_exempted",
        "who_qualifies"
      ],
      "derived_fields": [
        "baseline_limit",
        "cfr_paragraph",
        "exemption_name"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exemption_name": "Agricultural operations",
      "cfr_paragraph": "49 CFR 395.1(k)",
      "who_qualifies": "drivers transporting (1) Agricultural commodities from the source of the agricultural commodities to a location within a 150 air-mile radius from the source; (2) Farm supplies for agricultural purposes from a wholesale or retail distribution point of the farm supplies to a farm or other location where the farm supplies are intended to be used within a 150 air-mile radius from the distribution point; (3) Farm supplies for agricultural purposes from a wholesale distribution point of the farm supplies to a retail distribution point of the farm supplies within a 150 air-mile radius from the wholesale distribution point; or (4) Livestock (as defined in section 602 of the Emergency Livestock Feed Assistance Act of 1988 ( 7 U.S.C. 1471 ) including insects)) within a 150 air-mile radius from the final destination of the livestock.",
      "what_is_exempted": "The provisions of this part shall not apply",
      "radius_or_condition": "during planting and harvesting periods, as determined by each State",
      "baseline_limit": "All of part 395, including the \u00a7 395.3 11-hour driving cap, 14-hour window and 60/70-hour limits.",
      "id": "agricultural-operations",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/agricultural-operations/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1",
      "source_quote": "(k) Agricultural operations. The provisions of this part shall not apply during planting and harvesting periods, as determined by each State, to drivers transporting (1) Agricultural commodities from the source of the agricultural commodities to a location within a 150 air-mile radius from the source; (2) Farm supplies for agricultural purposes from a wholesale or retail distribution point of the farm supplies to a farm or other location where the farm supplies are intended to be used within a 150 air-mile radius from the distribution point; (3) Farm supplies for agricultural purposes from a wholesale distribution point of the farm supplies to a retail distribution point of the farm supplies within a 150 air-mile radius from the wholesale distribution point; or (4) Livestock (as defined in section 602 of the Emergency Livestock Feed Assistance Act of 1988 ( 7 U.S.C. 1471 ) including insects)) within a 150 air-mile radius from the final destination of the livestock.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "radius_or_condition",
        "what_is_exempted",
        "who_qualifies"
      ],
      "derived_fields": [
        "baseline_limit",
        "cfr_paragraph",
        "exemption_name"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exemption_name": "Attendance on vehicles carrying Division 1.1, 1.2 or 1.3 explosives",
      "cfr_paragraph": "49 CFR 395.1(q)",
      "who_qualifies": "Operators who are required by 49 CFR 397.5 to be in attendance on commercial motor vehicles containing Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 explosives",
      "what_is_exempted": "may use 30 minutes or more of attendance time to meet the requirement for a rest break",
      "radius_or_condition": "providing they perform no other work during the break",
      "baseline_limit": "\u00a7 395.3(a)(3)(ii): driving is not permitted after 8 hours of driving time without a consecutive 30-minute interruption.",
      "id": "attendance-on-vehicles-carrying-division-1-1-1-2-or-1-3-explosives",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/attendance-on-vehicles-carrying-division-1-1-1-2-or-1-3-explosives/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1",
      "source_quote": "(q) Attendance on commercial motor vehicles containing Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 explosives. Operators who are required by 49 CFR 397.5 to be in attendance on commercial motor vehicles containing Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 explosives are on duty at all times while performing attendance functions or any other work for a motor carrier. Operators of commercial motor vehicles containing Division 1.1, 1.2, or 1.3 explosives subject to the requirements for a 30-minute rest break in \u00a7 395.3(a)(3)(ii) may use 30 minutes or more of attendance time to meet the requirement for a rest break, providing they perform no other work during the break.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "radius_or_condition",
        "what_is_exempted",
        "who_qualifies"
      ],
      "derived_fields": [
        "baseline_limit",
        "cfr_paragraph",
        "exemption_name"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exemption_name": "Construction materials and equipment",
      "cfr_paragraph": "49 CFR 395.1(m)",
      "who_qualifies": "a driver of a commercial motor vehicle who is used primarily in the transportation of construction materials and equipment",
      "what_is_exempted": "any period of 7 or 8 consecutive days may end with the beginning of any off-duty period of 24 or more successive hours",
      "radius_or_condition": "off-duty period of 24 or more successive hours",
      "baseline_limit": "\u00a7 395.3(c): a 7- or 8-consecutive-day period otherwise restarts only with an off-duty period of 34 or more consecutive hours.",
      "id": "construction-materials-and-equipment",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/construction-materials-and-equipment/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1",
      "source_quote": "(m) Construction materials and equipment. In the instance of a driver of a commercial motor vehicle who is used primarily in the transportation of construction materials and equipment, any period of 7 or 8 consecutive days may end with the beginning of any off-duty period of 24 or more successive hours.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "radius_or_condition",
        "what_is_exempted",
        "who_qualifies"
      ],
      "derived_fields": [
        "baseline_limit",
        "cfr_paragraph",
        "exemption_name"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exemption_name": "Covered farm vehicles",
      "cfr_paragraph": "49 CFR 395.1(s)",
      "who_qualifies": "drivers of \u201ccovered farm vehicles,\u201d as defined in 49 CFR 390.5",
      "what_is_exempted": "The rules in this part do not apply",
      "baseline_limit": "All of part 395, including the \u00a7 395.3 11-hour driving cap, 14-hour window and 60/70-hour limits.",
      "id": "covered-farm-vehicles",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/covered-farm-vehicles/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1",
      "source_quote": "(s) Covered farm vehicles. The rules in this part do not apply to drivers of \u201ccovered farm vehicles,\u201d as defined in 49 CFR 390.5 .",
      "verified_fields": [
        "what_is_exempted",
        "who_qualifies"
      ],
      "derived_fields": [
        "baseline_limit",
        "cfr_paragraph",
        "exemption_name"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exemption_name": "Driver-salesperson",
      "cfr_paragraph": "49 CFR 395.1(c)",
      "who_qualifies": "any driver-salesperson",
      "what_is_exempted": "The provisions of \u00a7 395.3(b) shall not apply",
      "radius_or_condition": "whose total driving time does not exceed 40 hours in any period of 7 consecutive days",
      "baseline_limit": "\u00a7 395.3(b): 60 hours on duty in any 7 consecutive days, or 70 hours in any 8 consecutive days.",
      "id": "driver-salesperson",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/driver-salesperson/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1",
      "source_quote": "(c) Driver-salesperson. The provisions of \u00a7 395.3(b) shall not apply to any driver-salesperson whose total driving time does not exceed 40 hours in any period of 7 consecutive days.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "radius_or_condition",
        "what_is_exempted",
        "who_qualifies"
      ],
      "derived_fields": [
        "baseline_limit",
        "cfr_paragraph",
        "exemption_name"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exemption_name": "Emergency conditions",
      "cfr_paragraph": "49 CFR 395.1(b)(2)",
      "who_qualifies": "In case of any emergency, a driver",
      "what_is_exempted": "may complete his/her run without being in violation of the provisions of the regulations in this part",
      "radius_or_condition": "if such run reasonably could have been completed absent the emergency",
      "baseline_limit": "All of part 395, including the \u00a7 395.3 driving and on-duty limits.",
      "id": "emergency-conditions",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/emergency-conditions/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1",
      "source_quote": "(2) Emergency conditions. In case of any emergency, a driver may complete his/her run without being in violation of the provisions of the regulations in this part, if such run reasonably could have been completed absent the emergency.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "radius_or_condition",
        "what_is_exempted",
        "who_qualifies"
      ],
      "derived_fields": [
        "baseline_limit",
        "cfr_paragraph",
        "exemption_name"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exemption_name": "Ground water well drilling operations",
      "cfr_paragraph": "49 CFR 395.1(l)",
      "who_qualifies": "a driver of a commercial motor vehicle who is used primarily in the transportation and operations of a ground water well drilling rig",
      "what_is_exempted": "any period of 7 or 8 consecutive days may end with the beginning of any off-duty period of 24 or more successive hours",
      "radius_or_condition": "off-duty period of 24 or more successive hours",
      "baseline_limit": "\u00a7 395.3(c): a 7- or 8-consecutive-day period otherwise restarts only with an off-duty period of 34 or more consecutive hours.",
      "id": "ground-water-well-drilling-operations",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/ground-water-well-drilling-operations/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1",
      "source_quote": "(l) Ground water well drilling operations. In the instance of a driver of a commercial motor vehicle who is used primarily in the transportation and operations of a ground water well drilling rig, any period of 7 or 8 consecutive days may end with the beginning of any off-duty period of 24 or more successive hours.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "radius_or_condition",
        "what_is_exempted",
        "who_qualifies"
      ],
      "derived_fields": [
        "baseline_limit",
        "cfr_paragraph",
        "exemption_name"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exemption_name": "Hi-rail vehicles",
      "cfr_paragraph": "49 CFR 395.1(w)",
      "who_qualifies": "the driver of a hi-rail vehicle",
      "what_is_exempted": "the maximum on duty time under \u00a7 395.3 shall not include time in transportation to or from a duty assignment",
      "radius_or_condition": "Does not exceed 2 hours per calendar day or a total of 30 hours per calendar month",
      "baseline_limit": "\u00a7 395.3(a)(2) and (b): the 14-hour window and the 60/70-hour 7/8-day on-duty caps.",
      "id": "hi-rail-vehicles",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/hi-rail-vehicles/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1",
      "source_quote": "(w) Hi-rail vehicles. For the driver of a hi-rail vehicle, the maximum on duty time under \u00a7 395.3 shall not include time in transportation to or from a duty assignment if such time in transportation\u2014 (1) Does not exceed 2 hours per calendar day or a total of 30 hours per calendar month; and (2) Is fully and accurately accounted for in records to be maintained by the motor carrier and such records are made available upon request of the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration or the Federal Railroad Administration.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "radius_or_condition",
        "what_is_exempted",
        "who_qualifies"
      ],
      "derived_fields": [
        "baseline_limit",
        "cfr_paragraph",
        "exemption_name"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exemption_name": "Motion picture production site transportation",
      "cfr_paragraph": "49 CFR 395.1(p)",
      "who_qualifies": "A driver of a commercial motor vehicle providing transportation of property or passengers to or from a theatrical or television motion picture production site",
      "what_is_exempted": "exempt from the requirements of \u00a7 395.3(a)",
      "radius_or_condition": "within a 100 air-mile radius of the location where the driver reports to and is released from work",
      "baseline_limit": "\u00a7 395.3(a): 11 hours of driving inside a 14-hour window, after 10 consecutive hours off duty.",
      "id": "motion-picture-production-site-transportation",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/motion-picture-production-site-transportation/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1",
      "source_quote": "(p) Commercial motor vehicle transportation to or from a motion picture production site. A driver of a commercial motor vehicle providing transportation of property or passengers to or from a theatrical or television motion picture production site is exempt from the requirements of \u00a7 395.3(a) if the driver operates within a 100 air-mile radius of the location where the driver reports to and is released from work, i.e., the normal work-reporting location. With respect to the maximum daily hours of service, such a driver may not drive\u2014 (1) More than 10 hours following 8 consecutive hours off duty; (2) For any period after having been on duty 15 hours following 8 consecutive hours off duty.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "radius_or_condition",
        "what_is_exempted",
        "who_qualifies"
      ],
      "derived_fields": [
        "baseline_limit",
        "cfr_paragraph",
        "exemption_name"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exemption_name": "Oilfield operations: 24-hour restart",
      "cfr_paragraph": "49 CFR 395.1(d)(1)",
      "who_qualifies": "drivers of commercial motor vehicles used exclusively in the transportation of oilfield equipment",
      "what_is_exempted": "any period of 8 consecutive days may end with the beginning of any off-duty period of 24 or more successive hours",
      "radius_or_condition": "off-duty period of 24 or more successive hours",
      "baseline_limit": "\u00a7 395.3(c)(2): an 8-consecutive-day period otherwise restarts only with an off-duty period of 34 or more consecutive hours.",
      "id": "oilfield-operations-24-hour-restart",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/oilfield-operations-24-hour-restart/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1",
      "source_quote": "(1) In the instance of drivers of commercial motor vehicles used exclusively in the transportation of oilfield equipment, including the stringing and picking up of pipe used in pipelines, and servicing of the field operations of the natural gas and oil industry, any period of 8 consecutive days may end with the beginning of any off-duty period of 24 or more successive hours.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "radius_or_condition",
        "what_is_exempted",
        "who_qualifies"
      ],
      "derived_fields": [
        "baseline_limit",
        "cfr_paragraph",
        "exemption_name"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exemption_name": "Oilfield operations: waiting time at a well site",
      "cfr_paragraph": "49 CFR 395.1(d)(2)",
      "who_qualifies": "specially trained drivers of commercial motor vehicles that are specially constructed to service oil wells",
      "what_is_exempted": "on-duty time shall not include waiting time at a natural gas or oil well site",
      "radius_or_condition": "Waiting time shall not be included in calculating the 14-hour period in \u00a7 395.3(a)(2)",
      "baseline_limit": "\u00a7 395.3(a)(2): a driver may not drive after a period of 14 consecutive hours after coming on-duty.",
      "id": "oilfield-operations-waiting-time-at-a-well-site",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/oilfield-operations-waiting-time-at-a-well-site/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1",
      "source_quote": "(2) In the case of specially trained drivers of commercial motor vehicles that are specially constructed to service oil wells, on-duty time shall not include waiting time at a natural gas or oil well site. Such waiting time shall be recorded as \u201coff duty\u201d for purposes of \u00a7 395.8 , with remarks or annotations to indicate the specific off-duty periods that are waiting time, or on a separate \u201cwaiting time\u201d line on the record of duty status to show that off-duty time is also waiting time. Waiting time shall not be included in calculating the 14-hour period in \u00a7 395.3(a)(2) .",
      "verified_fields": [
        "radius_or_condition",
        "what_is_exempted",
        "who_qualifies"
      ],
      "derived_fields": [
        "baseline_limit",
        "cfr_paragraph",
        "exemption_name"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exemption_name": "Pipeline welding trucks",
      "cfr_paragraph": "49 CFR 395.1(x)",
      "who_qualifies": "drivers of \u201cpipeline welding trucks,\u201d as defined in 49 CFR 390.38(b)",
      "what_is_exempted": "The rules in this part do not apply",
      "baseline_limit": "All of part 395, including the \u00a7 395.3 11-hour driving cap, 14-hour window and 60/70-hour limits.",
      "id": "pipeline-welding-trucks",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/pipeline-welding-trucks/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1",
      "source_quote": "(x) Pipeline welding trucks. The rules in this part do not apply to drivers of \u201cpipeline welding trucks,\u201d as defined in 49 CFR 390.38(b) .",
      "verified_fields": [
        "what_is_exempted",
        "who_qualifies"
      ],
      "derived_fields": [
        "baseline_limit",
        "cfr_paragraph",
        "exemption_name"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exemption_name": "Property-carrying driver: 16-hour short-haul exception",
      "cfr_paragraph": "49 CFR 395.1(o)",
      "who_qualifies": "A property-carrying driver",
      "what_is_exempted": "exempt from the requirements of \u00a7 395.3(a)(2)",
      "radius_or_condition": "(1) The driver has returned to the driver's normal work reporting location and the carrier released the driver from duty at that location for the previous five duty tours the driver has worked; (2) The driver has returned to the normal work reporting location and the carrier releases the driver from duty within 16 hours after coming on duty following 10 consecutive hours off duty; and (3) The driver has not taken this exemption within the previous 6 consecutive days",
      "baseline_limit": "\u00a7 395.3(a)(2): a driver may not drive after a period of 14 consecutive hours after coming on-duty.",
      "id": "property-carrying-driver-16-hour-short-haul-exception",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/property-carrying-driver-16-hour-short-haul-exception/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1",
      "source_quote": "(o) Property-carrying driver. A property-carrying driver is exempt from the requirements of \u00a7 395.3(a)(2) if: (1) The driver has returned to the driver's normal work reporting location and the carrier released the driver from duty at that location for the previous five duty tours the driver has worked; (2) The driver has returned to the normal work reporting location and the carrier releases the driver from duty within 16 hours after coming on duty following 10 consecutive hours off duty; and (3) The driver has not taken this exemption within the previous 6 consecutive days, except when the driver has begun a new 7- or 8-consecutive day period with the beginning of any off-duty period of 34 or more consecutive hours as allowed by \u00a7 395.3(c) .",
      "verified_fields": [
        "radius_or_condition",
        "what_is_exempted",
        "who_qualifies"
      ],
      "derived_fields": [
        "baseline_limit",
        "cfr_paragraph",
        "exemption_name"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exemption_name": "Railroad signal employees",
      "cfr_paragraph": "49 CFR 395.1(r)",
      "who_qualifies": "a signal employee, as defined in \u00a7 395.2 , who operates a commercial motor vehicle, is engaged in installing, repairing, or maintaining signal systems",
      "what_is_exempted": "The provisions of this part shall not apply",
      "radius_or_condition": "is employed by a railroad carrier or a contractor or subcontractor to a railroad carrier, while regulated by the Federal Railroad Administration",
      "baseline_limit": "All of part 395, including the \u00a7 395.3 11-hour driving cap, 14-hour window and 60/70-hour limits.",
      "id": "railroad-signal-employees",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/railroad-signal-employees/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1",
      "source_quote": "(r) Railroad signal employees. The provisions of this part shall not apply to a signal employee, as defined in \u00a7 395.2 , who operates a commercial motor vehicle, is engaged in installing, repairing, or maintaining signal systems, is employed by a railroad carrier or a contractor or subcontractor to a railroad carrier, while regulated by the Federal Railroad Administration.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "radius_or_condition",
        "what_is_exempted",
        "who_qualifies"
      ],
      "derived_fields": [
        "baseline_limit",
        "cfr_paragraph",
        "exemption_name"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exemption_name": "Ready-mixed concrete delivery vehicle",
      "cfr_paragraph": "49 CFR 395.1(t)",
      "who_qualifies": "A driver of a ready-mixed concrete delivery vehicle",
      "what_is_exempted": "may use 30-minutes or more of time spent while waiting with the commercial motor vehicle at a job site or terminal to meet the requirement for the 30-minute rest break",
      "radius_or_condition": "providing the driver performs no other work during the break",
      "baseline_limit": "\u00a7 395.3(a)(3)(ii): driving is not permitted after 8 hours of driving time without a consecutive 30-minute interruption.",
      "id": "ready-mixed-concrete-delivery-vehicle",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/ready-mixed-concrete-delivery-vehicle/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1",
      "source_quote": "(t) Ready-mixed concrete delivery vehicle. A driver of a ready-mixed concrete delivery vehicle subject to the requirement for a 30-minute rest break in \u00a7 395.3(a)(3)(ii) may use 30-minutes or more of time spent while waiting with the commercial motor vehicle at a job site or terminal to meet the requirement for the 30-minute rest break, providing the driver performs no other work during the break.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "radius_or_condition",
        "what_is_exempted",
        "who_qualifies"
      ],
      "derived_fields": [
        "baseline_limit",
        "cfr_paragraph",
        "exemption_name"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exemption_name": "Retail store deliveries (December 10-25)",
      "cfr_paragraph": "49 CFR 395.1(f)",
      "who_qualifies": "drivers of commercial motor vehicles engaged solely in making local deliveries from retail stores and/or retail catalog businesses to the ultimate consumer",
      "what_is_exempted": "The provisions of \u00a7 395.3 (a) and (b) shall not apply",
      "radius_or_condition": "driving solely within a 100-air mile radius of the driver's work-reporting location, during the period from December 10 to December 25, both inclusive, of each year",
      "baseline_limit": "\u00a7 395.3(a): 11 hours of driving inside a 14-hour window; \u00a7 395.3(b): 60 hours in 7 days or 70 hours in 8 days.",
      "id": "retail-store-deliveries-december-10-25",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/retail-store-deliveries-december-10-25/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1",
      "source_quote": "(f) Retail store deliveries. The provisions of \u00a7 395.3 (a) and (b) shall not apply with respect to drivers of commercial motor vehicles engaged solely in making local deliveries from retail stores and/or retail catalog businesses to the ultimate consumer, when driving solely within a 100-air mile radius of the driver's work-reporting location, during the period from December 10 to December 25, both inclusive, of each year.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "radius_or_condition",
        "what_is_exempted",
        "who_qualifies"
      ],
      "derived_fields": [
        "baseline_limit",
        "cfr_paragraph",
        "exemption_name"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exemption_name": "Short-haul driver of a vehicle not requiring a CDL",
      "cfr_paragraph": "49 CFR 395.1(e)(2)",
      "who_qualifies": "The driver operates a property-carrying commercial motor vehicle for which a commercial driver's license is not required under part 383 of this subchapter",
      "what_is_exempted": "a driver is exempt from the requirements of \u00a7\u00a7 395.3(a)(2) , 395.8 , and 395.11",
      "radius_or_condition": "The driver operates within a 150 air-mile radius of the location where the driver reports to and is released from work, i.e., the normal work reporting location; (iii) The driver returns to the normal work reporting location at the end of each duty tour; (iv) The driver does not drive: (A) After the 14th hour after coming on duty on 5 days of any period of 7 consecutive days; and (B) After the 16th hour after coming on duty on 2 days of any period of 7 consecutive days;",
      "baseline_limit": "\u00a7 395.3(a)(2): a driver may not drive after a period of 14 consecutive hours after coming on-duty.",
      "id": "short-haul-driver-of-a-vehicle-not-requiring-a-cdl",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/short-haul-driver-of-a-vehicle-not-requiring-a-cdl/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1",
      "source_quote": "(2) Operators of property-carrying commercial motor vehicles not requiring a commercial driver's license. Except as provided in this paragraph, a driver is exempt from the requirements of \u00a7\u00a7 395.3(a)(2) , 395.8 , and 395.11 and ineligible to use the provisions of \u00a7 395.1(e)(1) , (g) , and (o) if: (i) The driver operates a property-carrying commercial motor vehicle for which a commercial driver's license is not required under part 383 of this subchapter ; (ii) The driver operates within a 150 air-mile radius of the location where the driver reports to and is released from work, i.e., the normal work reporting location; (iii) The driver returns to the normal work reporting location at the end of each duty tour; (iv) The driver does not drive: (A) After the 14th hour after coming on duty on 5 days of any period of 7 consecutive days; and (B) After the 16th hour after coming on duty on 2 days of any period of 7 consecutive days;",
      "verified_fields": [
        "radius_or_condition",
        "what_is_exempted",
        "who_qualifies"
      ],
      "derived_fields": [
        "baseline_limit",
        "cfr_paragraph",
        "exemption_name"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exemption_name": "Sleeper berth split rest: oil well servicing vehicle",
      "cfr_paragraph": "49 CFR 395.1(g)(2)",
      "who_qualifies": "A specially trained driver who operates a commercial motor vehicle specially constructed to service natural gas or oil wells",
      "what_is_exempted": "may accumulate the equivalent of 10 consecutive hours off duty time by taking a combination of at least 10 consecutive hours of off-duty time, sleeper-berth time, or time in other sleeping accommodations at a natural gas or oil well location",
      "radius_or_condition": "(i) Neither rest period is shorter than 2 hours; (ii) The driving time in the period immediately before and after each rest period, when added together, does not exceed the limit specified in \u00a7 395.3(a)(3)",
      "baseline_limit": "\u00a7 395.3(a)(1): a driver may not drive without first taking 10 consecutive hours off duty.",
      "id": "sleeper-berth-split-rest-oil-well-servicing-vehicle",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/sleeper-berth-split-rest-oil-well-servicing-vehicle/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1",
      "source_quote": "(2) Specially trained driver of a specially constructed oil well servicing commercial motor vehicle at a natural gas or oil well location. A specially trained driver who operates a commercial motor vehicle specially constructed to service natural gas or oil wells that is equipped with a sleeper berth, as defined in \u00a7\u00a7 395.2 and 393.76 of this subchapter , or who is off duty at a natural gas or oil well location, may accumulate the equivalent of 10 consecutive hours off duty time by taking a combination of at least 10 consecutive hours of off-duty time, sleeper-berth time, or time in other sleeping accommodations at a natural gas or oil well location; or by taking two periods of rest in a sleeper berth, or other sleeping accommodation at a natural gas or oil well location, providing: (i) Neither rest period is shorter than 2 hours; (ii) The driving time in the period immediately before and after each rest period, when added together, does not exceed the limit specified in \u00a7 395.3(a)(3) ;",
      "verified_fields": [
        "radius_or_condition",
        "what_is_exempted",
        "who_qualifies"
      ],
      "derived_fields": [
        "baseline_limit",
        "cfr_paragraph",
        "exemption_name"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exemption_name": "Sleeper berth split rest: passenger-carrying vehicle",
      "cfr_paragraph": "49 CFR 395.1(g)(3)",
      "who_qualifies": "A driver who is driving a passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle that is equipped with a sleeper berth",
      "what_is_exempted": "may accumulate the equivalent of 8 consecutive hours of off-duty time by taking a combination of at least 8 consecutive hours off-duty and sleeper berth time",
      "radius_or_condition": "(i) Neither rest period is shorter than two hours; (ii) The driving time in the period immediately before and after each rest period, when added together, does not exceed 10 hours; (iii) The on-duty time in the period immediately before and after each rest period, when added together, does not include any driving time after the 15th hour",
      "baseline_limit": "\u00a7 395.3 applies to property-carrying vehicles; passenger-carrying drivers are held to the separate limits in \u00a7 395.5.",
      "id": "sleeper-berth-split-rest-passenger-carrying-vehicle",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/sleeper-berth-split-rest-passenger-carrying-vehicle/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1",
      "source_quote": "(3) Passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicles. A driver who is driving a passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle that is equipped with a sleeper berth, as defined in \u00a7\u00a7 395.2 and 393.76 of this subchapter , may accumulate the equivalent of 8 consecutive hours of off-duty time by taking a combination of at least 8 consecutive hours off-duty and sleeper berth time; or by taking two periods of rest in the sleeper berth, providing: (i) Neither rest period is shorter than two hours; (ii) The driving time in the period immediately before and after each rest period, when added together, does not exceed 10 hours; (iii) The on-duty time in the period immediately before and after each rest period, when added together, does not include any driving time after the 15th hour; and",
      "verified_fields": [
        "radius_or_condition",
        "what_is_exempted",
        "who_qualifies"
      ],
      "derived_fields": [
        "baseline_limit",
        "cfr_paragraph",
        "exemption_name"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exemption_name": "Sleeper berth split rest: property-carrying vehicle",
      "cfr_paragraph": "49 CFR 395.1(g)(1)",
      "who_qualifies": "A driver who operates a property-carrying commercial motor vehicle equipped with a sleeper berth",
      "what_is_exempted": "The equivalent of at least 10 consecutive hours off-duty calculated under paragraphs (g)(1)(ii) and (iii) of this section",
      "radius_or_condition": "A combination of consecutive sleeper berth and off-duty time amounting to at least 10 hours",
      "baseline_limit": "\u00a7 395.3(a)(1): a driver may not drive without first taking 10 consecutive hours off duty.",
      "id": "sleeper-berth-split-rest-property-carrying-vehicle",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/sleeper-berth-split-rest-property-carrying-vehicle/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1",
      "source_quote": "(i) General. A driver who operates a property-carrying commercial motor vehicle equipped with a sleeper berth, as defined in \u00a7 395.2 , and uses the sleeper berth to obtain the off-duty time required by \u00a7 395.3(a)(1) must accumulate: (A) At least 10 consecutive hours off-duty; (B) At least 10 consecutive hours of sleeper berth time; (C) A combination of consecutive sleeper berth and off-duty time amounting to at least 10 hours; (D) A combination of sleeper berth time of at least 7 consecutive hours and up to 3 hours riding in the passenger seat of the vehicle while the vehicle is moving on the highway, either immediately before or after the sleeper berth time, amounting to at least 10 consecutive hours; or (E) The equivalent of at least 10 consecutive hours off-duty calculated under paragraphs (g)(1)(ii) and (iii) of this section.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "radius_or_condition",
        "what_is_exempted",
        "who_qualifies"
      ],
      "derived_fields": [
        "baseline_limit",
        "cfr_paragraph",
        "exemption_name"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exemption_name": "State of Alaska: adverse driving conditions",
      "cfr_paragraph": "49 CFR 395.1(h)(3)",
      "who_qualifies": "A driver who is driving a commercial motor vehicle in the State of Alaska and who encounters adverse driving conditions",
      "what_is_exempted": "may drive and be permitted or required to drive a commercial motor vehicle for the period of time needed to complete the run",
      "radius_or_condition": "After a property-carrying commercial motor vehicle driver completes the run, that driver must be off-duty for at least 10 consecutive hours before he/she drives again",
      "baseline_limit": "Not \u00a7 395.3 \u2014 under \u00a7 395.1(h)(1) that section does not apply in Alaska. The baseline is the Alaska limit: no more than 15 hours driving following 10 consecutive hours off-duty, and no driving after 20 hours on duty.",
      "id": "state-of-alaska-adverse-driving-conditions",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/state-of-alaska-adverse-driving-conditions/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1",
      "source_quote": "(3) Adverse driving conditions. (i) A driver who is driving a commercial motor vehicle in the State of Alaska and who encounters adverse driving conditions (as defined in \u00a7 395.2 ) may drive and be permitted or required to drive a commercial motor vehicle for the period of time needed to complete the run. (ii) After a property-carrying commercial motor vehicle driver completes the run, that driver must be off-duty for at least 10 consecutive hours before he/she drives again; and (iii) After a passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle driver completes the run, that driver must be off-duty for at least 8 consecutive hours before he/she drives again.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "radius_or_condition",
        "what_is_exempted",
        "who_qualifies"
      ],
      "derived_fields": [
        "baseline_limit",
        "cfr_paragraph",
        "exemption_name"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exemption_name": "State of Alaska: passenger-carrying vehicle",
      "cfr_paragraph": "49 CFR 395.1(h)(2)",
      "who_qualifies": "any driver who is driving a passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle in the State of Alaska",
      "what_is_exempted": "The provisions of \u00a7 395.5 do not apply",
      "radius_or_condition": "must not drive or be required or permitted to drive\u2014 (i) More than 15 hours following 8 consecutive hours off-duty; (ii) After being on-duty for 20 hours or more following 8 consecutive hours off-duty; (iii) After having been on-duty for 70 hours in any period of 7 consecutive days, if the motor carrier for which the driver drives does not operate every day in the week; or (iv) After having been on-duty for 80 hours in any period of 8 consecutive days",
      "baseline_limit": "\u00a7 395.5 sets the separate driving limits for passenger-carrying vehicles; \u00a7 395.3 covers property-carrying vehicles.",
      "id": "state-of-alaska-passenger-carrying-vehicle",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/state-of-alaska-passenger-carrying-vehicle/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1",
      "source_quote": "(2) Passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle. The provisions of \u00a7 395.5 do not apply to any driver who is driving a passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle in the State of Alaska. A driver who is driving a passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle in the State of Alaska must not drive or be required or permitted to drive\u2014 (i) More than 15 hours following 8 consecutive hours off-duty; (ii) After being on-duty for 20 hours or more following 8 consecutive hours off-duty; (iii) After having been on-duty for 70 hours in any period of 7 consecutive days, if the motor carrier for which the driver drives does not operate every day in the week; or (iv) After having been on-duty for 80 hours in any period of 8 consecutive days, if the motor carrier for which the driver drives operates every day in the week.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "radius_or_condition",
        "what_is_exempted",
        "who_qualifies"
      ],
      "derived_fields": [
        "baseline_limit",
        "cfr_paragraph",
        "exemption_name"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exemption_name": "State of Alaska: property-carrying vehicle",
      "cfr_paragraph": "49 CFR 395.1(h)(1)",
      "who_qualifies": "any driver who is driving a commercial motor vehicle in the State of Alaska",
      "what_is_exempted": "The provisions of \u00a7 395.3(a) and (b) do not apply",
      "radius_or_condition": "must not drive or be required or permitted to drive: (A) More than 15 hours following 10 consecutive hours off-duty; (B) After being on-duty for 20 hours or more following 10 consecutive hours off-duty; (C) After having been on-duty for 70 hours in any period of 7 consecutive days, if the motor carrier for which the driver drives does not operate every day in the week; or (D) After having been on-duty for 80 hours in any period of 8 consecutive days",
      "baseline_limit": "\u00a7 395.3(a): 11 hours of driving inside a 14-hour window; \u00a7 395.3(b): 60 hours in 7 days or 70 hours in 8 days.",
      "id": "state-of-alaska-property-carrying-vehicle",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/state-of-alaska-property-carrying-vehicle/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1",
      "source_quote": "(i) In general. The provisions of \u00a7 395.3(a) and (b) do not apply to any driver who is driving a commercial motor vehicle in the State of Alaska. A driver who is driving a property-carrying commercial motor vehicle in the State of Alaska must not drive or be required or permitted to drive: (A) More than 15 hours following 10 consecutive hours off-duty; (B) After being on-duty for 20 hours or more following 10 consecutive hours off-duty; (C) After having been on-duty for 70 hours in any period of 7 consecutive days, if the motor carrier for which the driver drives does not operate every day in the week; or (D) After having been on-duty for 80 hours in any period of 8 consecutive days, if the motor carrier for which the driver drives operates every day in the week.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "radius_or_condition",
        "what_is_exempted",
        "who_qualifies"
      ],
      "derived_fields": [
        "baseline_limit",
        "cfr_paragraph",
        "exemption_name"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exemption_name": "State of Hawaii",
      "cfr_paragraph": "49 CFR 395.1(i)",
      "who_qualifies": "a driver who drives a commercial motor vehicle in the State of Hawaii",
      "what_is_exempted": "The rules in \u00a7 395.8 do not apply",
      "radius_or_condition": "if the motor carrier who employs the driver maintains and retains for a period of 6 months accurate and true records",
      "baseline_limit": "\u00a7 395.3's driving and on-duty limits still apply; only the \u00a7 395.8 record-of-duty-status rules are lifted.",
      "id": "state-of-hawaii",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/state-of-hawaii/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1",
      "source_quote": "(i) State of Hawaii. The rules in \u00a7 395.8 do not apply to a driver who drives a commercial motor vehicle in the State of Hawaii, if the motor carrier who employs the driver maintains and retains for a period of 6 months accurate and true records showing\u2014 (1) The total number of hours the driver is on duty each day; and (2) The time at which the driver reports for, and is released from, duty each day.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "radius_or_condition",
        "what_is_exempted",
        "who_qualifies"
      ],
      "derived_fields": [
        "baseline_limit",
        "cfr_paragraph",
        "exemption_name"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exemption_name": "Transport of commercial bees",
      "cfr_paragraph": "49 CFR 395.1(u)",
      "who_qualifies": "a driver engaged in the interstate transportation of bees by commercial motor vehicle",
      "what_is_exempted": "The provisions of \u00a7 395.3(a)(3)(ii) , requiring a 30-minute rest break, do not apply",
      "radius_or_condition": "as long as the bees are on the vehicle",
      "baseline_limit": "\u00a7 395.3(a)(3)(ii): driving is not permitted after 8 hours of driving time without a consecutive 30-minute interruption.",
      "id": "transport-of-commercial-bees",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/transport-of-commercial-bees/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1",
      "source_quote": "(u) Transport of commercial bees. The provisions of \u00a7 395.3(a)(3)(ii) , requiring a 30-minute rest break, do not apply to a driver engaged in the interstate transportation of bees by commercial motor vehicle as long as the bees are on the vehicle.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "radius_or_condition",
        "what_is_exempted",
        "who_qualifies"
      ],
      "derived_fields": [
        "baseline_limit",
        "cfr_paragraph",
        "exemption_name"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exemption_name": "Transport of livestock",
      "cfr_paragraph": "49 CFR 395.1(v)",
      "who_qualifies": "a driver engaged in the interstate transportation of livestock by commercial motor vehicle",
      "what_is_exempted": "The provisions of \u00a7 395.3(a)(3)(ii) , requiring a 30-minute rest break, do not apply",
      "radius_or_condition": "while the livestock are on the vehicle",
      "baseline_limit": "\u00a7 395.3(a)(3)(ii): driving is not permitted after 8 hours of driving time without a consecutive 30-minute interruption.",
      "id": "transport-of-livestock",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/transport-of-livestock/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1",
      "source_quote": "(v) Transport of livestock. The provisions of \u00a7 395.3(a)(3)(ii) , requiring a 30-minute rest break, do not apply to a driver engaged in the interstate transportation of livestock by commercial motor vehicle while the livestock are on the vehicle.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "radius_or_condition",
        "what_is_exempted",
        "who_qualifies"
      ],
      "derived_fields": [
        "baseline_limit",
        "cfr_paragraph",
        "exemption_name"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exemption_name": "Travel time: passenger-carrying vehicle",
      "cfr_paragraph": "49 CFR 395.1(j)(2)",
      "who_qualifies": "a passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle driver at the direction of the motor carrier is traveling, but not driving or assuming any other responsibility to the carrier",
      "what_is_exempted": "such time must be counted as on-duty time unless the driver is afforded at least 8 consecutive hours off duty when arriving at destination, in which case he/she must be considered off duty for the entire period",
      "radius_or_condition": "unless the driver is afforded at least 8 consecutive hours off duty when arriving at destination",
      "baseline_limit": "\u00a7 395.5 sets the separate limits for passenger-carrying vehicles; \u00a7 395.3 covers property-carrying vehicles.",
      "id": "travel-time-passenger-carrying-vehicle",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/travel-time-passenger-carrying-vehicle/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1",
      "source_quote": "(2) When a passenger-carrying commercial motor vehicle driver at the direction of the motor carrier is traveling, but not driving or assuming any other responsibility to the carrier, such time must be counted as on-duty time unless the driver is afforded at least 8 consecutive hours off duty when arriving at destination, in which case he/she must be considered off duty for the entire period.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "radius_or_condition",
        "what_is_exempted",
        "who_qualifies"
      ],
      "derived_fields": [
        "baseline_limit",
        "cfr_paragraph",
        "exemption_name"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exemption_name": "Travel time: property-carrying vehicle",
      "cfr_paragraph": "49 CFR 395.1(j)(1)",
      "who_qualifies": "a property-carrying commercial motor vehicle driver at the direction of the motor carrier is traveling, but not driving or assuming any other responsibility to the carrier",
      "what_is_exempted": "such time must be counted as on-duty time unless the driver is afforded at least 10 consecutive hours off duty when arriving at destination, in which case he/she must be considered off duty for the entire period",
      "radius_or_condition": "unless the driver is afforded at least 10 consecutive hours off duty when arriving at destination",
      "baseline_limit": "\u00a7 395.3(a)(2): the 14-hour window runs from coming on duty, so whether travel counts as on-duty time decides when driving must stop.",
      "id": "travel-time-property-carrying-vehicle",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/travel-time-property-carrying-vehicle/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1",
      "source_quote": "(1) When a property-carrying commercial motor vehicle driver at the direction of the motor carrier is traveling, but not driving or assuming any other responsibility to the carrier, such time must be counted as on-duty time unless the driver is afforded at least 10 consecutive hours off duty when arriving at destination, in which case he/she must be considered off duty for the entire period.",
      "verified_fields": [
        "radius_or_condition",
        "what_is_exempted",
        "who_qualifies"
      ],
      "derived_fields": [
        "baseline_limit",
        "cfr_paragraph",
        "exemption_name"
      ]
    },
    {
      "exemption_name": "Utility service vehicles",
      "cfr_paragraph": "49 CFR 395.1(n)",
      "who_qualifies": "a driver of a utility service vehicle as defined in \u00a7 395.2",
      "what_is_exempted": "The provisions of this part shall not apply",
      "baseline_limit": "All of part 395, including the \u00a7 395.3 11-hour driving cap, 14-hour window and 60/70-hour limits.",
      "id": "utility-service-vehicles",
      "url": "https://referencesource.org/federal-hours-of-service-exemptions-by-operation-type/utility-service-vehicles/",
      "source": "https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-49/subtitle-B/chapter-III/subchapter-B/part-395/subpart-A/section-395.1",
      "source_quote": "(n) Utility service vehicles. The provisions of this part shall not apply to a driver of a utility service vehicle as defined in \u00a7 395.2 .",
      "verified_fields": [
        "what_is_exempted",
        "who_qualifies"
      ],
      "derived_fields": [
        "baseline_limit",
        "cfr_paragraph",
        "exemption_name"
      ]
    }
  ]
}